{"id":7075327,"date":"2026-10-04T06:53:26","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T06:53:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327"},"modified":"2026-10-04T06:53:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T06:53:26","slug":"what-the-system-leaves-behind","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327","title":{"rendered":"What The System Leaves Behind"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"article-content\">\n<h2 class=\"sr-only\">Article begins<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The story of four boys, one wrongful accusation, and a cycle of violence that outlasted every attempt to stop it.<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"uk-grid uk-grid-collapse uk-position-relative article-image-container\" uk-grid=\"\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-content-wrap article-content-wrap-2\">\n<div class=\"article-image-wrap\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Credit: <\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Photo taken by Genesis Manyari<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/www.anthropology-news.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PART-1-1-9f619b8e60ede64986d23d1d25005707-856x571.jpg\" class=\"attachment-inline_photo size-inline_photo\" alt=\"A photo of a mural depicting lit candles, an image of Jesus, and three figures in the background.\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBuilding Bridges of Solidarity: Breaking Down Barriers. Part of a 117-foot-long mural on 24th and Capp Streets, executed in 1997 by Eric Norberg and Mike Ramos for Homies Organizing the Mission to Empower Youth (HOMEY).\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was still hot outside when Luis Alberto Qui\u00f1onez\u2014whom everyone called Sito\u2014reached Grant Avenue, in San Francisco\u2019s Chinatown, around 6:30 p.m. on Sunday, September 8, 2019. His girlfriend Arianna\u2019s mother had been evicted that day, and Sito had spent several hours helping her move.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Leaving her new apartment, Sito had just put his blinkers on to make a right turn on Brunswick when he saw a light flash on his dashboard. \u201cOh, man!\u201d he said to Arianna. \u201cI need to get some air.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito pulled over by a fence on a street of small houses. While his car idled, a person in a hooded sweatshirt stepped up to the Nissan\u2019s driver\u2019s-side window. In an instant, he raised an automatic pistol to the glass and started firing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By the time the shooter finished, twenty-one cartridges littered Sito\u2019s Nissan, inside and out. Seventeen of those bullets cut through Sito\u2019s neck, shoulder, chest, and stomach. Arianna took two bullets in her own arm.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The person who pulled the trigger had been following them for some time, just lying in wait.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito was my stepson\u2019s half-brother. I am sure he would not have considered me a part of his life. But in death he has become a part of mine.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hachettebookgroup.com\/titles\/laurence-ralph\/sito\/9781538740347\/\"><em>Sito: An American Teenager and the City that Failed Him<\/em><\/a>\u00a0is an intimate encounter with grief that aims to transform my own field of scholarly study into painful lived experience. The central question of my ethnography is: When a life is extinguished by street violence, how does a victim\u2019s family psychologically heal from homicide?<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a gang scholar, I have been aware of the adverse effects of incarcerating youth for a long time. But it was not until Sito\u2019s murder that I fully grasped how worthless a victim\u2019s family can feel in the face of the criminal justice system, especially if that system has treated them and their loved ones as perpetrators in the past.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2014, when he was fourteen years old, Sito was accused of murdering his former classmate\u2014a boy named Rashawn. Sito spent five months in the San Francisco Juvenile Hall while the district attorney decided whether or not to try him as an adult.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The tide turned for Sito when a private investigator who had been retracing his footsteps on the day that Rashawn was murdered uncovered surveillance footage of the attack. The footage clearly showed that Sito did not kill Rashawn.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The district attorney dropped the charges against Sito and he was released. But that murder allegation would haunt Sito for the rest of his life. Much of the hardships that Sito faced in life happened after the charges against him for Rashawn\u2019s murder were dropped, and he enrolled in a new school, where he was expected to simply forget the traumas of his past and move on with his life.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<div class=\"uk-grid uk-grid-collapse uk-position-relative article-image-container\" uk-grid=\"\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-content-wrap article-content-wrap-2\">\n<div class=\"article-image-wrap\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Credit: <\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Photo taken by Genesis Manyari<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/www.anthropology-news.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PART-4-6a698505427fb47938ac155c0f15aca6-856x571.jpg\" class=\"attachment-inline_photo size-inline_photo\" alt=\"An image of a mural on a city street that reads &quot;Stand for something or you'll fall for anything.&quot;\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tStand for Something. Executed in 2019 by David Benzler in Clarion Alley, Mission District.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Back when Sito languished behind bars, he could never have imagined that there were things in his life from the inside that he would miss on the outside. Little things\u2014such as safety mirrors positioned in the corners where the walls meet the ceiling.\u00a0<em>If there\u2019s no way to see who\u2019s behind me<\/em>, Sito probably thought,\u00a0<em>how can I protect myself?<\/em>\u00a0His vulnerability surfaced at the Envision Academy of Arts and Technology, the charter school he attended after his 2015 release.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito wanted to control his new school life in a way he couldn\u2019t while he was incarcerated.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Still, it was difficult for him to make friends, and school stressed him out. He had always felt controlled, afraid, and punished there. In his landmark ethnography, <em>Punished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boys<\/em>, the renowned sociologist, Victor Rios, wrote about the ways that teachers, administrators, and school counselors treat Black and Latino boys as deviant, threatening, and risky.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After conducting hundreds of interviews with Black and Latino boys in Oakland, Rios found that school is a key site of criminalization for urban youth. Says Rios, \u201cCriminalization left these marginalized young people very few choices, crime and violence being some of the few resources for feeling dignity and empowerment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Like the teenage boys in Rios\u2019s study, Sito was trying to improve his life. He wanted to veer from the path he was on, but it wasn\u2019t easy for him. He wore a hard shell of armor because he expected students and teachers not to like him.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHe steered clear of me for my entire freshman year,\u201d said Sito\u2019s former Envision classmate, Tavin.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During that time, the kids at school kept telling Tavin, \u201cSito don\u2019t like you.\u201d And they were telling Sito the same thing about Tavin.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito and Tavin had grown accustomed to giving each other cold stares and dirty looks from across the hall, but they both kept their distance.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf we ever got into an argument,\u201d Tavin said, \u201cI just knew we were going to fight.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following year, the teenage boys were assigned to the same homeroom. Their teacher told them to sit next to each other. And before long, she handed out an assignment that would be due at the end of the semester.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tavin called the teacher over to ask her a question that he was hesitant to ask in front of everyone else. That\u2019s when Sito heard Tavin. \u201cCan\u2019t I do something else? I don\u2019t like to read,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tavin watched his teacher\u2019s mouth tighten into a scowl. \u201cNo. You can\u2019t,\u201d she said. \u201cIs that it?\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the teacher left, Sito brought his chair close to Tavin\u2019s desk.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cYou really don\u2019t like books?\u201d Sito asked. \u201cI\u2019m not calling you dumb,\u201d he continued, \u201cbut there\u2019s some good ones out there.\u201d A pause. \u201cI can tell you some of my favorites if you want.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once Tavin nodded his head, Sito began to rattle off his list, describing the characters and plot for each book he mentioned. Afterward, Tavin settled on\u00a0<em>My Bloody Life: The Making of a Latin King<\/em>, by Reymundo Sanchez.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cI was never interested in reading anything, ever, until he told me about that book.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From that day forward, Tavin had a loyal friend. Their teacher\u2019s dismissive response uncovered the bridge that had been connecting the two boys all along.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tavin was one among Sito\u2019s friends who was grateful that his sharp edges dulled over time. Still, his problems never completely went away.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<div class=\"uk-grid uk-grid-collapse uk-position-relative article-image-container\" uk-grid=\"\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-content-wrap article-content-wrap-2\">\n<div class=\"article-image-wrap\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Credit: <\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Photo taken by Michele Falzone<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/www.anthropology-news.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PART-2-1-4a1e8adfed54ab5c9f0924889f94cc8b-856x570.jpg\" class=\"attachment-inline_photo size-inline_photo\" alt=\"An image of a mural painted on fence boards that depicts a group of women and children with their right fists raised in the background, with a man in the foreground holding a broken chain.\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNaya Bihana (A New Dawn). A mural on Balmy Alley, painted by Martin Travers in 2002.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After his release, Sito\u2019s mother, Beatriz, would say, \u201cYou\u2019ve been in the house all day; I know you want some fresh air.\u201d She remembers Sito\u2019s reply, \u201cIt\u2019s not about what I want, Mom. I\u2019m afraid something might happen to me while . . . while I\u2019m with you.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSo we would go to places far away,\u201d Beatriz told me. \u201cAnd even then, he was always looking over his shoulder. He wasn\u2019t able to focus on what he was doing or who he was with.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The research bears this out.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapsychiatry\/fullarticle\/481985\">Several scholars have reported that incarcerated adolescents and teenagers such as Sito experience PTSD at a rate eight times higher than their peers who have never been incarcerated<\/a>. Hypervigilance, nightmares, phobias, and paranoia outlast a young person\u2019s time in juvenile hall. And if the trauma is never adequately processed, it can rewire the brain, affecting thoughts and behavior later in life.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If there was any doubt that Sito\u2019s anxiety and fear were justified, it was erased on December 9, 2015. Almost a year after Sito\u2019s release, Miguel, the boy who stabbed\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rashawn, was shot dead.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the days after Miguel\u2019s murder, Sito logged on to Instagram, as he did countless times a day. He saw a\u00a0<em>Mission Local<\/em>\u00a0headline that read, \u201cMemorial Honors 17\u2011year\u2011old Killed on Outskirts of SF Mission.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another person tagged Sito\u2019s profile to the post so that every time one of Rashawn\u2019s friends \u201cliked\u201d the announcement, Sito was notified. He was also informed every time someone left a comment, one of which nearly brought Sito to tears.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It said: \u201c1 down. 1 to go.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How did Miguel\u2019s enemies find him before the police did? The San Francisco Police Department had video footage of Miguel stabbing Rashawn, so it remains confounding.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The more I thought about it, the more I was tempted to believe Sito\u2019s father, Rene, who said the SFPD never intended to arrest Miguel. \u201cStreet justice,\u201d he told me, \u201cwas the outcome they preferred.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito\u2019s teachers at Envision didn\u2019t know about Miguel, so they assumed the worst was over. They tried to reassure him that he would overcome his past. They told him many times, and in many ways, that they could see him on the horizon, sailing back to shore. Then those same adults shook their heads in dismay when a high wind caused a wave to capsize his boat.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sito never made it back to safety.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<div class=\"uk-grid uk-grid-collapse uk-position-relative article-image-container\" uk-grid=\"\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-content-wrap article-content-wrap-2\">\n<div class=\"article-image-wrap\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Credit: <\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Beatriz Enciso, Sito\u2019s mother<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"642\" src=\"https:\/\/www.anthropology-news.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/INSERT-BEFORE-EPILOGUE-PAGE-2-014dc127aa1f99121efd91421dbb0a94-856x642.jpg\" class=\"attachment-inline_photo size-inline_photo\" alt=\"A photo that shows a teenage boy with short dark hair in a white t-shirt standing in bark mulch. He is looking down and away from the camera, and smiling.\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhotograph of Sito, taken by his mother, Beatriz Enciso.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2019, five years after Sito was wrongfully accused of killing Rashawn outside of a San Francisco corner store, he would be murdered by Julius\u2014Rashawn\u2019s younger brother. Julius was twelve when his brother was killed, and seventeen when he walked up to the driver\u2019s-side window of Sito\u2019s car and killed him.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beatriz still doesn\u2019t leave the house without looking over her shoulder. She learned it from her son, who learned it from a jail cell no one should have put a fourteen-year-old in\u2014the same kind of cell where Julius sits now, with mirrors bolted into the corners so he can always see what\u2019s behind him.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is what\u2014and this is who\u2014the system leaves behind.\u00a0<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Kathryn Wright is the section contributing editor for the Council on Anthropology and Education.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article begins The story of four boys, one wrongful accusation, and a cycle of violence that outlasted every attempt to stop it. Credit: Photo taken by Genesis Manyari Building Bridges of Solidarity: Breaking Down Barriers. Part of a 117-foot-long mural on 24th and Capp Streets, executed in 1997 by Eric Norberg and Mike Ramos for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7075328,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11767],"tags":[235891,62834,235892,8605,2345,235893,235894],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-7075327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anthropology","tag-gang-violence","tag-grief-and-healing","tag-juvenile-justice","tag-leaves","tag-system","tag-wrongful-accusation","tag-youth-education"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What The System Leaves Behind - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What The System Leaves Behind - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Article begins The story of four boys, one wrongful accusation, and a cycle of violence that outlasted every attempt to stop it. 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Som2ny Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"What The System Leaves Behind - Som2ny Network","og_description":"Article begins The story of four boys, one wrongful accusation, and a cycle of violence that outlasted every attempt to stop it. Credit: Photo taken by Genesis Manyari Building Bridges of Solidarity: Breaking Down Barriers. Part of a 117-foot-long mural on 24th and Capp Streets, executed in 1997 by Eric Norberg and Mike Ramos for [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327","og_site_name":"Som2ny Network","article_published_time":"2026-10-04T06:53:26+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.anthropology-news.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PART-1-1-9f619b8e60ede64986d23d1d25005707-856x571.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371"},"headline":"What The System Leaves Behind","datePublished":"2026-10-04T06:53:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327"},"wordCount":1753,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PART-1-1-9f619b8e60ede64986d23d1d25005707.jpg","keywords":["Gang violence","grief and healing","Juvenile justice","Leaves","SYSTEM","Wrongful accusation","Youth education"],"articleSection":["Anthropology"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=7075327","name":"What The System Leaves Behind - 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