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Toward the end of, \u201cFrom Music to Madiba: A History of U.S. Relations with South Africa<\/a>,\u201d Brian Balogh speaks with Louis Meintjes about the links between South African and American music and the political influence of music during apartheid. Meintjes describes how some musicians performed within the confines of the state-owned system of censored radio. Many of these artists found ways to resist apartheid by speaking to everyday struggles, or by forging a unified, cosmopolitan identity through sound.<\/p>\n But many artists chose exile instead. In doing so, they brought South African music to an international audience. \u201cDuring the apartheid era, there were a lot of musicians who were either exiled or chose self-imposed exile, who are absolutely crucial to the exposure of South African culture, and with that culture as a kind of political voice internationally, \u201d Meintjes said. \u201cThese are musicians like Abdullah Ibrahim, Hugh Masekela, Miriam Makeba and others. And the key kind of places that these musicians went to were London or New York.\u201d<\/p>\n Balogh and Meintjes went on to discuss Paul Simon\u2019s \u201cGraceland\u201d album, the South African cultural boycott, and more. But we couldn\u2019t stop thinking about the musicians who left for London and New York to become influential musical and political voices. So we\u2019ve compiled a list of musicians who left South Africa, with links to well-known examples of their work. It\u2019s an incomplete list, but we hope it can be a jumping-off point for discovering some of the most exciting music of the late 20th century.<\/p>\n Let us know what you think, or who we forgot to include, in the comments!<\/p>\n Abdullah Ibrahim<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n \u201cCape Town Fringe\u201d \u2013 1977<\/p>\n