{"id":53255,"date":"2025-01-28T13:01:46","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T13:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/american-history\/its-importance-in-the-past-and-present-nursing-clio\/"},"modified":"2025-01-28T13:01:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T13:01:46","slug":"its-importance-in-the-past-and-present-nursing-clio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255","title":{"rendered":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n

Activism<\/p>\n

\"The<\/div>\n

\n

The US Department of Health and Human Services: Its Importance in the Past and Present<\/h3>\n

We, as historians of medicine, express our support for the federal agencies and regulations that protect and promote human health. We know the long-term value of health-related federal agencies and share our perspectives below. We outline the importance of these institutions and the use of regulatory power for health and well-being. We highlight below three entities in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) <\/strong>that have authority over American health. We identify the potential damage to the health of Americans if their funding was curtailed or cut. We then describe how the regulations that these agencies administer protect the health of Americans in four specific areas: reproductive health, pasteurization, fluoridation, and vaccination.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)<\/strong> has been a widely trusted public health agency since the early twentieth century. Americans have benefited from the FDA\u2019s regulatory authority that oversees the safety of 80 percent of food. It ensures that cosmetics do not harm their users; pharmaceuticals are both safe and effective; medical devices injure no one; and radiation-emitting devices are safe to use in homes and medical facilities. Without the legal structures that undergird its work\u2014including the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938<\/a> and Kefauver-Harris Amendments of 1962<\/a>\u2014coupled with the everyday (and often unrecognized) work of its field force and regulators, the public\u2019s health would be in danger.[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> In fall 1937, for example, a mass-produced sulfa drug (elixir sulfanilamide), which was adulterated with a chemical present in antifreeze, killed over one hundred people, including 33 children. This specific tragedy helped secure the passage of the 1938 Act. The FDA also promotes preventative public health initiatives and regulates drug approval processes. In July 2023, for example, the FDA approved the Opill<\/a>, the first over-the-counter contraceptive pill, to reduce unwanted pregnancies and the adverse health outcomes that often follow. All of these activities keep the public safe and encourage future innovations to keep medical products ever safer, more effective, and more affordable. Without the agency, or if the agency\u2019s supervisory and regulatory roles are greatly decreased, the nation would see a return to an earlier time of limited control over dangerous substances and increased harm to citizens.<\/li>\n
  2. A second agency within HHS, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)<\/strong>, funds essential health care services for approximately 40 percent of the US population through Medicare and Medicaid programs. These programs provide access to essential medical services, prescription drugs, preventive health services, mental health services, hospitals, community health centers, skilled nursing homes, and home health care. Since their establishment in 1965, these two programs have significantly expanded access to essential health care services. Medicare milestones include: eligibility for persons with disabilities and end-stage renal disease (1972), prescription drug benefits (2003), and coverage of preventive care services (2010). Medicaid milestones include: eligibility for elderly, blind, and disabled individuals (1972), access to mental health services (2015), and increased enrollment during the COVID-19 national emergency (2020). Many regulatory and legislative initiatives in the histories of these programs have affected program funding, provider payments, provider participation, eligibility requirements, enrollment, retention, coverage policies, service access, service delivery, payment models, incentives, utilization, and quality. Ongoing regulatory and legislative initiatives have significant impacts on public health by determining the number of program enrollees, access to health care providers, and use of essential health care services. To take one example, of the 1.2 million Americans in nursing homes in 2020, 60 percent had Medicaid coverage, and any reduction in funding would lower their quality of care.[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> The critical role of the Medicare and Medicaid programs in protecting public health must be preserved.<\/li>\n
  3. The implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)<\/strong> in 2010 has led to historic reductions in the number of Americans who lack health insurance. About 20 million people have obtained coverage through the ACA\u2019s marketplace plans and Medicaid expansions.[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> The ACA has increased health insurance coverage for low-income people, people of color, and children. It has reduced the number of uninsured young adults by allowing dependents to stay on their parents\u2019 health plans until age 26. The ACA also protects tens of millions of people in all types of health insurance plans. It prevents health insurers from excluding or charging higher premiums for people with preexisting health conditions; bans insurance discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, sex characteristics, and pregnancy-related conditions; ensures access for people with limited English proficiency; and requires coverage of a range of essential and preventive services, including contraception, maternity and newborn care, prescription drugs, vaccines, and cancer screenings.[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> The ACA reduces medical bankruptcy and improves health. Weakening the ACA would endanger those most in need of its coverage and protections and would have a negative impact on the overall health and economic wellbeing of Americans and endanger those most in need of its coverage and protection.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Four of our specific areas of concern are:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Reproductive health<\/strong> includes the medical care, access to resources and information, and autonomy of all who can reproduce in the present or future. Several government agencies oversee the provisions of reproductive care. To take one example, Medicaid covers preventative services for low-income pregnant persons and others of reproductive age. Medicaid also paid for 41.3% of American childbirths in 2022 and covers postpartum care.<\/a> Cuts to Medicaid funding would make reproductive healthcare cost-prohibitive for many lower-income families. To take another example, since the U.S. Supreme Court\u2019s Dobbs v. Jackson Women\u2019s Health Organization<\/em><\/a> decision in June 2022, there is no longer a federally protected right to an abortion, and many states have either banned the procedure outright or enacted strict barriers to it. Women with pregnancy complications and their fetuses have died as a result of state laws restricting abortion when a fetal heartbeat is present.<\/a>[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Moreover, medical professionals trained to perform the procedures are leaving abortion-restricted states due to threats to their practices<\/a>, and doctors specializing in obstetrics and gynecology are opting out of residences in those states, leaving pregnant persons with ever-fewer care options.[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Any additional bans or restrictions would result in further substandard reproductive health care, poorer maternal and infant health outcomes, and injuries and deaths of pregnant persons who cannot access abortions safely.<\/li>\n
    2. In the late nineteenth century, almost 13 percent of American infants died before age one, and more than half from diarrhea. Physicians blamed milk, and federal efforts to regulate the dairy industry became part of a critical effort from the 1880s onward to lower infant mortality. Eventual legislation included requirements to keep milk cold during shipping, to ship and sell milk in sealed bottles, and to pasteurize milk. As these laws took effect, the diarrheal death rate among infants due to spoiled and adulterated milk decreased to near zero by the 1920s, especially after the United States Public Health Service developed the \u201cStandard Milk Ordinance\u201d regulation and after municipalities mandated pasteurization. Pasteurization<\/strong> entails heating a liquid to a certain temperature for a specific amount of time, followed by rapid cooling, to destroy microbes. For decades, the dairy industry fought each piece of legislation, arguing that the additional cost to the industry of pasteurizing and bottling milk would put dairies out of business. What the American public learned instead was that regulating milk saves lives. \u201cRaw milk\u201d killed children in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and pasteurization prevented, and continues to prevent, children\u2019s deaths. To weaken milk regulations and to allow the sale of raw milk again would undermine food safety and adversely affect infants and children.[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/li>\n
    3. Fluoride has been added to water to prevent dental caries for both children and adults in the U.S. since 1945. Today, about 75% of American homes are connected to public water systems receiving fluoridated water, still leaving more than 72 million Americans without it. Community water fluoridation<\/strong> (CWF) is a nationwide effort that reflects the interface between science, policy, and practice and focuses on the water needs of all community and social groups without discrimination.\u00a0It involves actions taken by local community councils, health and water boards, state legislatures, health departments, national regulatory and science agencies, independent science entities, and professional and nonprofit organizations. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers CWF\u2014which covered the water supply of 290 million Americans in 2022\u2014as one of the ten most important public health achievements of the 20th<\/sup>\u00a0century U.S.[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> This measure has proved to be the most effective and practical tool for preventing tooth decay, reducing pain and infection, and lowering the need for costly treatment. Removing fluoride from water and reducing the CDC\u2019s oversight would increase the cumulative effects of dental disease on community health with substantial economic, social and medical implications.[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/li>\n
    4. Vaccination<\/strong> is a vital public health tool that has reduced life-threatening infectious diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, bacterial meningitis, pertussis, and hepatitis globally.[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Vaccination led to the complete eradication of smallpox (in 1980), two wild polio strains (in 2015 and 2019), and rinderpest (in 2011), an epizootic disease in herd animals.[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Since President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Polio Vaccine Assistance Act of 1955, the U.S. federal government has played a central role in the research, regulation, and distribution of vaccines in order to protect the American public\u2019s health and wellbeing. Due to the development of a safe vaccine and widespread vaccination requirements, new polio cases in the U.S. dropped from 20,000 in 1952 to zero in 1979.[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Federal agencies in the present provide millions of dollars to fund life-saving vaccine research and production while regulating how vaccine research, production, and distribution occurs.[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Medicare and Medicaid cover vaccine costs for many of the U.S.\u2019s most vulnerable individuals, notably children and the elderly.[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Through coordination among governmental agencies and programs, private and public manufacturers and distributors, and clinics, hospitals, and medical care providers, the government ensures that the vaccines Americans receive are safe and effective. This work safeguards the American public from the outbreak and reintroduction of dangerous epidemic diseases, creating a healthier society for all.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      In summary, we affirm the historical and ongoing importance of these agencies, laws, and regulations. We oppose initiatives to dismantle, defund, or diminish federal institutions that protect and promote health and well-being.<\/p>\n

      Signed:<\/h3>\n

      Emily Abel
      Rima D. Apple
      Donna Drucker
      Lara Friedenfelds
      Marta E. Hanson
      Beatrix Hoffman
      Minji Lee
      Erin L. Paterson
      Heather Munro Prescott
      Karen Reeds
      Londa Schiebinger
      Lauren MacIvor Thompson
      Julie K. Brown<\/p>\n

      \n

      Notes<\/h4>\n
        \n
      1. FDA, \u201cHuman Food Program (HFP) FY 2025 Priority Deliverables,\u201d October 20, 2024, available from https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/about-fda\/human-foods-program\/human-food-program-hfp-fy-2025-priority-deliverables<\/a>; Paul M. Wax, \u201cElixirs, Diluents, and the Passage of the 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act,\u201d Annals of Internal Medicine,<\/em> 122, 6 (March 1995): 456-461. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      2. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, \u201cPaying for Nursing Home Care,\u201d in The National Imperative to Improve Nursing Home Quality: Honoring Our Commitment to Residents, Families and Staff<\/em> (National Academies Press, 2022); U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u201cNursing Home Care,\u201d October 26, 2024. Available from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/nursing-home-care.htm<\/a>. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      3. Office of Health Policy, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, \u201cHealth Coverage Under the Affordable Care Act: Current Enrollment and State Estimates,\u201d Issue Brief, March 22, 2024. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      4. Public Law 111-148 \u2013 Mar. 23, 2010, 124 STAT. 119. Available from https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/PLAW-111publ148\/pdf\/PLAW-111publ148.pdf<\/a>. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      5. See also Irin Carmon, \u201cThe Deaths and Agonies of Trump\u2019s Abortion Bans,\u201d New York Magazine,<\/em> November 4, 2024. Available from https:\/\/nymag.com\/intelligencer\/article\/trump-abortion-bans-deaths-agonies.html<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      6. See also Stephania Taladrid, \u201cThe Texas Ob-Gyn Exodus,\u201d New Yorker,<\/em> November 25, 2024. Available from https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2024\/12\/02\/the-texas-ob-gyn-exodus<\/a>. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      7. Richard A. Meckel, Save the Babies: American Public Health Reform and the Prevention of Infant Mortality, 1850-1929 <\/em>(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990); Jacqueline H. Wolf, Don\u2019t Kill Your Baby: Public Health and the Decline of Breastfeeding in the 19th<\/sup> and 20th<\/sup> Centuries <\/em>(Ohio State University Press, 2001), 42-73; and USFDA, \u201cPasteurized Milk Ordinance Centennial,\u201d<\/a> November 5, 2024. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      8. Myron Allukian, Jr., et al., \u201cScience, Politics, and Communication: The Case of Water Fluoridation in the U.S.,\u201d Annals of Epidemiology,<\/em> 28, 6 (June 2018): 401-410; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u201c2022 Water Fluoridation Statistics,\u201d<\/a> June 6, 2024. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      9. H.P. Whelton et al., \u201cFluoride Revolution and Dental Caries: Evolution of Policies for Global Use,\u201d Journal of Dental Research,<\/em> 98, 8 (2019): 837-846; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u201cTimeline for Community Water Fluoridation,\u201d<\/a> May 15, 2024. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      10. Austin Carter et al., \u201cModeling the impact of vaccination for the immunization agenda 2030: Deaths averted due to vaccination against 14 pathogens in 194 countries from 2021 to 2030,\u201d Vaccine<\/em> 42 (April 2024): S28-S37; Brian Greenwood, \u201cThe contribution of vaccination to global health: Past, present, and future,\u201d Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B<\/em> 369 (2014): 1-9. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      11. Michael Bennett, War Against Smallpox: Edward Jenner and the Global Spread of Vaccination<\/em> (Cambridge University Press, 2020); Ananda S. Bandyopadhyay et al., \u201cPolio Vaccination: Past, Present, and Future,\u201d Future Microbiology<\/em> 10, 5 (May 2015): 791-808; Christine Holmberg and J. Hillis Miller, eds., The Politics of Vaccination: A Global History<\/em> (Manchester University Press, 2017); Amanda Kay McVety, The Rinderpest Campaigns: A Virus, Its Vaccines, and Global Development in the Twentieth Century<\/em> (Cambridge University Press, 2018); World Health Organization, \u201cThe global eradication of smallpox: final report of the Global Commission for the Certification of Smallpox, Geneva, December 1979<\/a>\u201d (1980); World Health Organization, \u201cTwo out of Three Wild Poliovirus Strains Eradicated<\/a>\u201d (October 24, 2019). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      12. Elena Conis, Vaccine Nation: America\u2019s Changing Relationship with Immunization<\/em> (University of Chicago Press, 2015); Anushree Rai et al., \u201cPolio Returns to the USA: An Epidemiological Alert,\u201d Annals of Medicine & Surgery,<\/em> 82 (October 2022). \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      13. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u201cVaccines & Immunizations\u201d<\/a>; Health and Human Services Department, Office of Public Health and Science, \u201cVaccines Provide Effective Protection and FDA Makes Sure They Are Safe,\u201d Just the Facts<\/em>, publication no. FS 02-8 (February 2002); Eric E. Mast et al., \u201cFifty Years of Global Immunization at the CDC, 1966-2015,\u201d Public Health Reports<\/em> 132, 1 (2017): 18-26; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, \u201cVaccine Research Center\u2019s Key Disease Areas and Research Activities,\u201d<\/a> October 17, 2023. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
      14. Medicare Learning Network, \u201cMedicare Part D Vaccines,\u201d M.L.N. Fact Sheet: Knowledge, Resources, Training<\/em> (June 2024); Madeleine R. Valier et al., \u201cVital Signs<\/em>: Trends and Disparities in Childhood Vaccination Coverage by Vaccines for Children Program Eligibility\u2014National Immunization Survey\u2014Child, United States, 2012-2022,\u201d Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report<\/em> (August 13, 2024): 722-730. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n


        \n<\/p>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n
        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n\t\t
        \n \"\" <\/a>\n \t<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Lara Freidenfelds is a historian of health, reproduction, and parenting in America. She is the author of The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy: a History of Miscarriage in America<\/em> and The Modern Period: Menstruation in Twentieth-Century America<\/em>. Sign up for her newsletter and find links to her op-eds and blog essays at www.larafreidenfelds.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


        \n <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n <\/div>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n\t\t
        \n \"\" <\/a>\n \t<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Kristin is a PhD candidate in the history of medicine at Johns Hopkins University. Her dissertation examines the intersection of water management and public health in nineteenth-century colonial South Africa, focusing on the ways port city administrators and residents collaborated and conflicted over how best to deal with their hydrological environments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


        \n <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n <\/div>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n\t\t
        \n \"\" <\/a>\n \t<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Donna J. Drucker, MLS, PhD, is Assistant Director of the Office of Scholarship and Research Development at the Columbia University School of Nursing. Her books include _Contraception: A Concise History_ (MIT Press, 2020) and _Fertility Technology_ (MIT Press, forthcoming 2023).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


        \n <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n <\/div>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n\t\t
        \n \"\" <\/a>\n \t<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Emily K. Abel is professor emerita at the UCLA-Fielding School of Public Health. Her most recent book is Gluten Free for Life: Celiac Disease, Medical Recognition, and the Food Industry(New York University Press, 2024).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


        \n <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n <\/div>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n\t\t
        \n \"\" <\/a>\n \t<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Beatrix Hoffman is Board of Trustees Professor of History at Northern Illinois University. She is the author of The Wages of Sickness: The Politics of Health Insurance in Progressive America; Health Care for Some: Rights and Rationing in the United States since 1930<\/em>; and a new book, Borders of Care: Immigrants, Migrants, and the Fight for Health Care in the United States<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


        \n <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p><\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n

        Discover more from Nursing Clio<\/h3>\n

        Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Activism The US Department of Health and Human Services: Its Importance in the Past and Present We, as historians of medicine, express our support for the federal agencies and regulations that protect and promote human health. We know the long-term value of health-related federal agencies and share our perspectives below. We outline the importance of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":53256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12032],"tags":[15852,13407,15851,383],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-53255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-american-history","tag-clio","tag-importance","tag-nursing","tag-present"],"yoast_head":"\nIts Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Activism The US Department of Health and Human Services: Its Importance in the Past and Present We, as historians of medicine, express our support for the federal agencies and regulations that protect and promote human health. We know the long-term value of health-related federal agencies and share our perspectives below. We outline the importance of […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"799\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\"},\"headline\":\"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\"},\"wordCount\":2596,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Clio\",\"Importance\",\"Nursing\",\"Present\"],\"articleSection\":[\"American History\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\",\"name\":\"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg\",\"width\":799,\"height\":533},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"description\":\"Daily Deals\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":86,\"caption\":\"Som2ny Network\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network","og_description":"Activism The US Department of Health and Human Services: Its Importance in the Past and Present We, as historians of medicine, express our support for the federal agencies and regulations that protect and promote human health. We know the long-term value of health-related federal agencies and share our perspectives below. We outline the importance of […]","og_url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255","og_site_name":"Som2ny Network","article_published_time":"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":799,"height":533,"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371"},"headline":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio","datePublished":"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255"},"wordCount":2596,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg","keywords":["Clio","Importance","Nursing","Present"],"articleSection":["American History"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255","name":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-28T13:01:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/51265072957_7e2eab752f_c.jpg","width":799,"height":533},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=53255#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Its Importance in the Past and Present \u2013 Nursing Clio"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","name":"Som2ny Network","description":"Daily Deals","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization","name":"Som2ny Network","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","width":300,"height":86,"caption":"Som2ny Network"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/fivemor.com"],"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53255\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53255"},{"taxonomy":"dealstore","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fdealstore&post=53255"},{"taxonomy":"offerexpiration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fofferexpiration&post=53255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}