{"id":46419,"date":"2025-01-25T08:23:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-25T08:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/business\/investing\/correlation-or-causation\/"},"modified":"2025-01-25T08:23:17","modified_gmt":"2025-01-25T08:23:17","slug":"correlation-or-causation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419","title":{"rendered":"Correlation or causation?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" style=\"padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;line-height:1.5\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-4kljf\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>If you enjoy reading this blog, please leave a star rating on <\/span><\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/wealthtender.com\/blogs\/chimp-investor\/#review\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"l04dV ro37v\" data-hook=\"WebLink\"><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>WealthTender<\/span><\/em><\/a><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>. Thank you!<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><h3 class=\"fYinK _32njD WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-94jsn\"><span class=\"e4Wvi\"><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>Data is too often presented in an unfair, unclear and misleading way<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-3351s\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>I recently challenged two senior investment professionals in relation to things they had said publicly that I disagreed with. They were both &#8220;copied&#8221; but neither disputed my challenges. What was perhaps more interesting, and certainly more depressing, were the comments I received from third parties.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-9ga3n\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>In the case of the first, surprise was expressed that I had challenged the professional in question. Little about the points I had made. I had been extremely careful to make sure that my points were fact based, but it was still a bit galling that the attention seemed to be elsewhere.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-aa6dj\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>In the case of the other, I had pointed out that a chart had been presented in a misleading way. It used two vertical (y) axes, one for each line, but they did not correspond. This is <\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/digitalblog.ons.gov.uk\/2019\/07\/03\/dueling-with-axis-the-problems-with-dual-axis-charts\/\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"l04dV ro37v\" data-hook=\"WebLink\"><u style=\"text-decoration:underline\"><span>something<\/span><\/u><\/a><span> that statisticians <\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.statisticshowto.com\/probability-and-statistics\/descriptive-statistics\/misleading-graphs\/\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"l04dV ro37v\" data-hook=\"WebLink\"><u style=\"text-decoration:underline\"><span>warn about<\/span><\/u><\/a><u style=\"text-decoration:underline\"><span>,<\/span><\/u><span> and that regulators pounce on when it appears in public (renowned statistician David Spiegelhalter devoted a large part of his excellent book, <\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.penguin.co.uk\/books\/294857\/the-art-of-statistics-by-spiegelhalter-david\/9780241258767\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"l04dV ro37v\" data-hook=\"WebLink\"><u style=\"text-decoration:underline\"><span>The Art of Statistics<\/span><\/u><\/a><span>, to the matter).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-745gm\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>However, I received comments from individuals, themselves senior financial professionals, that betrayed a worrying lack of understanding about the need to be careful when communicating complicated investment concepts to retail investors\/non experts. The fact is that making only a <\/span><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>suggestion<\/span><\/em><span> that there is causation as the aforementioned chart did is not good enough. It is important that one must <\/span><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>also<\/span><\/em><span> provide the logical explanation for it. If indeed it exists, that is.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-f9uud\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>With this latter remark in mind, it&#8217;s time for something a bit more lighthearted.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-1hrdk\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>I don&#8217;t know who Tyler Vigen is, but he or she must have spent many many hours trawling through disparate data series looking for pairs where there was a high degree of correlation, creating charts, and putting them on a <\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tylervigen.com\/spurious-correlations\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"l04dV ro37v\" data-hook=\"WebLink\"><u style=\"text-decoration:underline\"><span>website<\/span><\/u><\/a><span>, <\/span><em style=\"font-style:italic\"><span>Spurious Correlations<\/span><\/em><span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-6m5c9\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>Tyler assumed the high correlations were spurious. But what if they weren&#8217;t? Below are Tyler&#8217;s charts, together with my entirely logical explanations for them. I have done five, and would welcome your suggestions for the rest (or indeed better ones for my five). There will be a prize, and it might even correlate with the best entry! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-e8588\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>By the way, there are two explanations for each chart &#8211; it would be utterly irresponsible of me to assume a particular direction of causation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-689m5\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>Finally, thank you, Tyler, for your fabulous website. And thank you, Hannah, for your brilliant quote at the beginning of this post.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-47goo\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"47goo\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_334b151fbd3549be95c57a06f208c3f0~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;47goo&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_334b151fbd3549be95c57a06f208c3f0~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_334b151fbd3549be95c57a06f208c3f0~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_334b151fbd3549be95c57a06f208c3f0~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-6ng26\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>A. More math doctorates awarded means a greater understanding of the link between greenhouse gases and atmospheric temperature, of the need for clean energy, and thus of the need to stockpile uranium&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-8ocji\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>B. Uranium stored at US nuclear power plants produces dangerous radiation which turns people into math geeks&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-cjkqb\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"cjkqb\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_053cb0f9523842748e8a767ebad711c3~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;cjkqb&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_053cb0f9523842748e8a767ebad711c3~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_053cb0f9523842748e8a767ebad711c3~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_053cb0f9523842748e8a767ebad711c3~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-3nnok\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>A. The best place to practice spelling is outdoors&#8230;where the venomous spiders live&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-ubeu\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>B. It has been proven that spider venom enhances memory. While it won&#8217;t have done those who died any good, it did help the survivors&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-2tu7e\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"2tu7e\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_11aa48048b7e4d40a2d9ebc18d8f97e9~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;2tu7e&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_11aa48048b7e4d40a2d9ebc18d8f97e9~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_11aa48048b7e4d40a2d9ebc18d8f97e9~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_11aa48048b7e4d40a2d9ebc18d8f97e9~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-aedv0\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>A. Americans who buy Japanese cars later feel they have betrayed their country. With that comes a great sense of remorse that leads them to&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-freif\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>B. Suicide attempts by crashing of motor vehicle tend to be more successful in bigger, heavier cars that have more momentum. This leads to a perception that bigger, heavier cars are more dangerous and an increase in demand for smaller Japanese cars&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-30mh5\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"30mh5\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_b9288a40298a4bf693665d228fcd5a0e~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;30mh5&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_b9288a40298a4bf693665d228fcd5a0e~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_b9288a40298a4bf693665d228fcd5a0e~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_b9288a40298a4bf693665d228fcd5a0e~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-9bmfe\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>A. The older the winner of the Miss America competition, the more she is admired by older generations who are more familiar with steam engines and thus how hot vapours, objects etc can be used to get rid of their annoying spouse&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-bl567\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>B. The more murders by steam, hot vapours and hot objects, the more finger print evidence gets destroyed, the fewer crimes get solved, the greater the demand for youngsters to become crime stoppers, and the fewer youngsters there are to enter Miss America competitions, thus favouring older entrants (ok this is particularly absurd but then so too is collecting data about steam, vapour, hot object murders).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-f6pvf\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"f6pvf\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_c241a5f9666947c9bac1520aff891789~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;f6pvf&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_c241a5f9666947c9bac1520aff891789~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_c241a5f9666947c9bac1520aff891789~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_c241a5f9666947c9bac1520aff891789~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-cfefb\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>A. The more cheese people people eat, the weirder their dreams, the more they toss around in their sleep, and the more likely they are to get fatally entangled in their bedsheets&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-66s76\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span>B. The more entangled bedsheet deaths, the greater the fear of going to bed, the more people stay up snacking, which for many means higher consumption of cheese slices&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-6pft7\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"6pft7\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_b5d75f1e2dff47b199d86c2f4f525eb2~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;6pft7&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_b5d75f1e2dff47b199d86c2f4f525eb2~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_b5d75f1e2dff47b199d86c2f4f525eb2~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_b5d75f1e2dff47b199d86c2f4f525eb2~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-d247m\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"d247m\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_32aae1775eae43279d49fba72560ef7a~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;d247m&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_32aae1775eae43279d49fba72560ef7a~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_32aae1775eae43279d49fba72560ef7a~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_32aae1775eae43279d49fba72560ef7a~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-4agng\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"4agng\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_8e1f7f77ff874f2dacb759b8dd0bdf84~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;4agng&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_8e1f7f77ff874f2dacb759b8dd0bdf84~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_8e1f7f77ff874f2dacb759b8dd0bdf84~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_8e1f7f77ff874f2dacb759b8dd0bdf84~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-9mnq0\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"9mnq0\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_fdb20c508609482082a957b42c649d7a~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;9mnq0&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_fdb20c508609482082a957b42c649d7a~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_fdb20c508609482082a957b42c649d7a~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_fdb20c508609482082a957b42c649d7a~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-f3po7\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"f3po7\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_877f507226614d6c8384bcfb6b50fcfe~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;f3po7&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_877f507226614d6c8384bcfb6b50fcfe~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_877f507226614d6c8384bcfb6b50fcfe~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_877f507226614d6c8384bcfb6b50fcfe~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-crgv\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"crgv\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_a9ab6204692b453ebc39687e9da05890~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;crgv&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_a9ab6204692b453ebc39687e9da05890~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_a9ab6204692b453ebc39687e9da05890~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_a9ab6204692b453ebc39687e9da05890~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-70vo1\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"70vo1\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_f81e98afc76d433fa7b4ffd7b1c9161c~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;70vo1&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_f81e98afc76d433fa7b4ffd7b1c9161c~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_f81e98afc76d433fa7b4ffd7b1c9161c~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_f81e98afc76d433fa7b4ffd7b1c9161c~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-a111\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"a111\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_0c50a1aec744417aae1f3899265c908f~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;a111&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_0c50a1aec744417aae1f3899265c908f~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_0c50a1aec744417aae1f3899265c908f~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_0c50a1aec744417aae1f3899265c908f~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-4h18l\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"4h18l\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_37b43f8df4734eb59ade165551d34e82~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;4h18l&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_37b43f8df4734eb59ade165551d34e82~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_37b43f8df4734eb59ade165551d34e82~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_37b43f8df4734eb59ade165551d34e82~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"iwMEp\" id=\"viewer-f7des\">\n<div class=\"rxF05 qTNqm\">\n<figure class=\"XObdu\">\n<div role=\"button\" data-hook=\"imageViewer\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"vhG7C\" aria-haspopup=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\">\n<div style=\"--dim-height:916;--dim-width:1904\" id=\"f7des\" class=\"L2P8r Ku1Gj yS7zq\"><wow-image id=\"351877_9feefddd98a84f64a42a1035452f3784~mv2.png\" class=\"undefined lIVgj\" data-image-info=\"{&quot;containerId&quot;:&quot;f7des&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;,&quot;isLQIP&quot;:true,&quot;isSEOBot&quot;:false,&quot;lqipTransition&quot;:&quot;blur&quot;,&quot;imageData&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1904,&quot;height&quot;:916,&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;351877_9feefddd98a84f64a42a1035452f3784~mv2.png&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;displayMode&quot;:&quot;fill&quot;}}\" data-motion-part=\"BG_IMG\" data-bg-effect-name=\"\" data-has-ssr-src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/true\" data-animate-blur=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 50%;max-width:100%\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chimpinvestor.com\/post\/correlation-or-causation\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/static.wixstatic.com\/media\/351877_9feefddd98a84f64a42a1035452f3784~mv2.png\/v1\/fill\/w_1904,h_916,al_c,q_90\/351877_9feefddd98a84f64a42a1035452f3784~mv2.png\" draggable=\"false\"\/><\/wow-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-breakout=\"normal\">\n<p class=\"a4yOF NlrTp WzoeH SeNKp\" style=\"padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;line-height:1.5\" dir=\"auto\" id=\"viewer-1v6jd\"><span class=\"lMv7L\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span>The views expressed in this communication are those of Peter Elston at the time of writing and are subject to change without notice. They do not constitute investment advice and whilst all reasonable efforts have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this communication, the reliability, completeness or accuracy of the content cannot be guaranteed. This communication provides information for professional use only and should not be relied upon by retail investors as the sole basis for investment. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you enjoy reading this blog, please leave a star rating on WealthTender. Thank you! Data is too often presented in an unfair, unclear and misleading way I recently challenged two senior investment professionals in relation to things they had said publicly that I disagreed with. They were both &#8220;copied&#8221; but neither disputed my challenges. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46420,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[28062,25437],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-46419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investing","tag-causation","tag-correlation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If you enjoy reading this blog, please leave a star rating on WealthTender. Thank you! Data is too often presented in an unfair, unclear and misleading way I recently challenged two senior investment professionals in relation to things they had said publicly that I disagreed with. They were both &#8220;copied&#8221; but neither disputed my challenges. [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"602\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\"},\"headline\":\"Correlation or causation?\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\"},\"wordCount\":845,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"causation\",\"Correlation\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Investing\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\",\"name\":\"Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":602},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Correlation or causation?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"description\":\"Daily Deals\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":86,\"caption\":\"Som2ny Network\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network","og_description":"If you enjoy reading this blog, please leave a star rating on WealthTender. Thank you! Data is too often presented in an unfair, unclear and misleading way I recently challenged two senior investment professionals in relation to things they had said publicly that I disagreed with. They were both &#8220;copied&#8221; but neither disputed my challenges. [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419","og_site_name":"Som2ny Network","article_published_time":"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":602,"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371"},"headline":"Correlation or causation?","datePublished":"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419"},"wordCount":845,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg","keywords":["causation","Correlation"],"articleSection":["Investing"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419","name":"Correlation or causation? - Som2ny Network","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-25T08:23:17+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/351877_e934d043a35a4935b680ed273e0d2ccamv2.jpg","width":1000,"height":602},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=46419#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Correlation or causation?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","name":"Som2ny Network","description":"Daily Deals","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization","name":"Som2ny Network","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","width":300,"height":86,"caption":"Som2ny Network"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/fivemor.com"],"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46419"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46419\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/46420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46419"},{"taxonomy":"dealstore","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fdealstore&post=46419"},{"taxonomy":"offerexpiration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fofferexpiration&post=46419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}