{"id":44422,"date":"2025-01-24T05:36:53","date_gmt":"2025-01-24T05:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/agriculture\/a-secret-weapon-in-agricultures-climate-fight-ants\/"},"modified":"2025-01-24T05:36:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-24T05:36:53","slug":"a-secret-weapon-in-agricultures-climate-fight-ants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=44422","title":{"rendered":"A Secret Weapon in Agriculture\u2019s Climate Fight: Ants"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295;margin-top: 0pt;margin-bottom: 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;font-family: Arial;color: #000000;background-color: transparent;font-weight: bold;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;text-decoration: none;vertical-align: baseline\">Want to republish a Modern Farmer story?<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295;margin-top: 0pt;margin-bottom: 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;font-family: Arial;color: #000000;background-color: transparent;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;text-decoration: none;vertical-align: baseline\">We are happy for Modern Farmer stories to be shared, and encourage you to republish our articles for your audience. 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This means that you cannot actively publish or submit our work for syndication to third party platforms or apps like Apple News or Google News. We understand that publishers cannot fully control when certain third parties automatically summarize or crawl content from publishers\u2019 own sites.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#13;\n<\/li>\n<p>&#13;\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295;margin-top: 0pt;margin-bottom: 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;font-family: Arial;color: #303030;background-color: #ffffff;font-weight: bold;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;text-decoration: none;vertical-align: baseline\">Keep in touch\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;font-family: Arial;color: #000000;background-color: transparent;vertical-align: baseline\">We want to hear from you if you love Modern Farmer content, have a collaboration idea, or anything else to share. As a nonprofit outlet, we work in service of our community and are always open to comments, feedback, and ideas. Contact us at <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;font-family: Arial;color: #000000;vertical-align: baseline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection\" class=\"__cf_email__\" data-cfemail=\"4623222f322934062b29222027342b23346825292b\">[email\u00a0protected]<\/a>.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"byline\">by Ayurella Horn-Muller, Grist, Modern Farmer <br \/>January 21, 2025<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"republication-tracker-tool-shareable-content\">\n<p class=\"&quot;byline&quot;\">by Ayurella Horn-Muller, Grist, Modern Farmer <br \/>January 21, 2025<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">The ant scurries along on six nimble legs. It catches up to its peers, a line of antennaed bugs roaming the winding surface of a tree, perpetually hunting for food. While doing so, each unknowingly leaves antibiotic microorganisms secreted from its feet.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">That trail of tiny footprints, indiscernible to the naked eye, is remarkably effective at protecting the tree from pathogens and pests. That makes ants, in the eyes of Ida Cecilie Jensen, a legion of unlikely warriors \u2014\u00a0one humans should consider enlisting in the fight to grow food in a warming world. \u201cAnts are a Swiss Army knife,\u201d said Jensen, a biologist who studies the symbiotic relationship between ants and agriculture at Aarhus University in Denmark. \u201cKind of like a multitool for farmers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">With an estimated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/09\/22\/science\/ants-census-20-quadrillion.html\">20 quadrillion ants<\/a> on Earth at any given time, the bugs are found just about everywhere on the planet. They are also among the species that humans, which they outnumber at least 2.5 million to one, have most in common with. Ants have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/articles\/2020\/from-ant-brains-seeking-new-lessons-about-human-behavior-and-society\/\">extraordinary collective intelligence<\/a>, their colonies weaving robust community networks and dividing labor. The social insects even wage war with one another and build complex agricultural systems.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Ants also have \u201cso many of the same problems and challenges that we have,\u201d Jensen said. \u201cLuckily for us, they already found a lot of great solutions.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">One such challenge is how to grow food while confronting climate-wrought consequences \u2014 such as an influx of spreading plant pathogens <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10153038\/#:~:text=Climate%20change%20further%20increases%20outbreak,plant%20diseases%20in%20new%20areas.\">caused by warming<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Plant diseases cost the global economy hundreds of billions of dollars every year, with between <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-021-01124-4\">20 to 40 percent of global crop production<\/a> lost to crop diseases and pests. Climate change is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41579-023-00900-7#:~:text=Warming%20temperatures%20shorten%20the%20pathogen's,stem%20canker%20of%20oilseed%20rape.\">ramping up outbreak risks<\/a> by morphing how pathogens evolve, facilitating the emergence of new strains, and <a href=\"https:\/\/bsppjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ppa.14033#:~:text=Heat%20stress%20and%20rising%20mean,rates%20and%20their%20systemic%20movement.\">making crops more susceptible to infection<\/a>. Most farmers and growers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpbs.org\/news\/environment\/2023\/01\/24\/climate-change-may-be-increasing-the-use-of-pesticides\">increasingly rely on chemical pesticides<\/a> to combat these emerging issues, but the widespread use of such substances has created problems of its own. Synthetic pesticides can be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/newsroom\/editorial\/pesticides-what-are-the-risks#:~:text=Chronic%20diseases%20linked%20to%20exposure,on%20reproductive%20capacity%20and%20infertility.\">harmful to humans and animals<\/a>, and lose their efficacy as pathogens <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-25505-7\">build up resistance to them<\/a>. The production and use of synthetic pesticides also <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7239621\/\">contribute to climate change<\/a>, as some are derived from planet-warming fossil fuels.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Instead of chemicals, an army of ants may march right in. Though most people view the small insects as little more than a nuisance, colonies of them are being deployed in orchards across a handful of countries to stave off the spread of crippling infestation and disease.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mfo-wysiwyg-custom-cta learn-more\">\n<div class=\"mfo-wysiwyg-custom-cta-flex\">\n<p><a class=\"full\" title=\"LEARN MORE\" href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2014\/04\/meet-earths-oldest-farmers-ants\/\">full_link<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<p class=\"title mfo-wysiwyg-custom-cta-title h1\">LEARN MORE<\/p>\n<div class=\"description\">\n<p>Ants: earths oldest farmers<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">In a body of recently published and forthcoming research, <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00248-024-02464-2\">Jensen examined the antimicrobial effects<\/a> of wood ants, a European field ant known for building dome-shaped nests in fields and open woodlands, and weaver ants, which live in ball-shaped nests within tropical tree canopies across Asia, Africa, and Australia. Her team looked at how the microbes influenced apple brown rot and apple scab in two orchards in Denmark \u2014\u00a0one commercial and one experimental \u2014 and found that wood ants effectively reduce <a href=\"https:\/\/nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/ppp3.10460#:~:text=Poor%20control%20of%20apple%20scab,integrated%2C%20and%20organic%20management%20systems.\">apple scab<\/a>, which can cause serious yield losses, by an average of 61 percent. The scientists also found that the number of disease-free apples more than doubled compared to when ants weren\u2019t wielded as an alternative biological pesticide. For another experiment in Senegal, they collected weaver ants from mango orchards to investigate the bacterial communities associated with ants, discovering that they also leave microbial footprints that may inhibit fungal diseases such as <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ifas.ufl.edu\/stlucieco\/2023\/02\/14\/mango-anthracnose-and-its-management\/\">mango anthracnose<\/a>, which can lead to extensive yield losses.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Past studies have found that for <a href=\"https:\/\/nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/oik.06744\">crops from cocoa to citrus<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/grist.org\/food\/when-theyre-not-busy-weaving-leaves-these-ants-make-great-insecticides\/\">ants could replace insecticides<\/a> in a multitude of climates and locations, reducing incidences of pear scab in pear trees, coffee leaf rust in coffee shrubs, and leaf fungal attacks in oak seedlings. Weaver ant nests used as an alternative pesticide in mango, cashew, and citrus trees have all been shown to <a href=\"https:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/1365-2664.12496\">lower pest damage and produce yields on par<\/a> with several chemical pesticide treatments. For more than a millennia, the species was embraced as a natural insecticide in countries like China\u00a0but never quite made its way into the agricultural mainstream in North America or Europe. The method would eventually be replaced by the dawn of synthetic solutions. Still, despite that legacy, exactly how ants take on disease has remained a scientific mystery.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">The answer, Jensen said, lies in how ants function. All species of the arthropod possess a body that is essentially hostile for bacteria because they produce formic acid, which they use to\u00a0constantly disinfect themselves. Ants are also perpetually hungry little things that will feast on the spores of plant pathogens, among other things, and their secretion\u00a0of formic acid and highly territorial nature tends to\u00a0deter a medley of other insects that could be transmitting diseases or making lunch of some farmers\u2019 crops. Ultimately, their greatest trick is what Jensen\u2019s newest research reveals: Ants also inherently have\u00a0antimicrobial bacteria and fungi on their bodies and feet, which can reduce plant diseases in afflicted crops, with these microorganisms deposited as the critters walk. When the bugs are cultivated in fruit orchards, they march all over trees, their feet coating the plants in microbial organisms that can curb emerging pathogens.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Understanding why they have this effect makes it easier to promote and implement native species of ants as biological agents in fields and farms, which Jensen advocates for. She\u2019s not only researching how to do this as a doctoral candidate, but also founded AgroAnt in 2022, a company that leases colonies to cull plant pathogens and pests to farmers in Denmark \u2014\u00a0much like beekeepers lease hives. Her research team is now looking into boosting populations of existing ant colonies already living in orchards, rather than introducing new ones. Building rope bridges between trees to help ants better get around, and increasing the number of sugary extracts left in strategic locations to feed them, can create ant population booms, which Jensen sees as a simple and inexpensive way for farmers to ward off costly bouts of crop disease.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Others are not convinced this would be any more useful or cost-effective than existing biopesticides like canola oil and baking soda, or\u00a0pest management chemicals derived from natural sources.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Kerik Cox, who researches plant pathology at Cornell University, said that many of the microbes derived from the ants in the study have already been studied, and optimized for formulation and efficacy in agricultural systems. \u201cMany are highly effective and there are numerous commercial products available for farmers to use,\u201d said Cox, adding that he doesn\u2019t see \u201canything in this study that would be better than the existing biopesticide tools, which are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ingredients-used-pesticide-products\/what-are-biopesticides\">registered<\/a> by the [U.S. Environmental Protection Agency].\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Jensen acknowledges there is always a risk when introducing any species \u2014\u00a0ants new to an area could push out other beneficial species, for example, or attract aphids, those small green plant-damaging insects that ants share a symbiotic relationship with. Still, she is adamant that as long as the species is native to the area and agricultural system they\u2019re being introduced to and then properly managed, the possible benefits outweigh the pitfalls.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">On a practical note, the money-saving argument of ants pitted against synthetic products also carries a big draw; particularly given that conventional pesticides, in addition to their <a href=\"https:\/\/vtechworks.lib.vt.edu\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/95dbec81-43ad-4e41-94a1-551210fa543a\/content\">organic, chemical-free counterparts<\/a>, have become more expensive in recent years across <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/products-eurostat-news\/w\/ddn-20240517-1#:~:text=There%20was%20a%20sharp%20downturn,and%20Greece%20(%2D33%25).\">Europe<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/farmdocdaily.illinois.edu\/2023\/04\/update-on-growth-rates-of-fertilizer-pesticide-and-seed-costs-over-time.html\">U.S<\/a>. Those product prices <a href=\"https:\/\/grist.org\/economics\/dont-blame-biden-for-inflation-blame-the-climate\/\">tend to climb<\/a> when extreme weather shocks disrupt production, a likelihood as climate change makes disasters more frequent and severe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">Conversely, Jensen said farmers can simply leave sugar-water solutions, cat food, or chicken bones, among any number of kitchen scraps, in fruit orchards where beneficial, pathogen-combating ants are typically already present \u2014 such as weaver ants in mango orchards. If the species already dwell there, this could increase their numbers and efficiency.\u00a0The technique, however, should be approached with caution depending on location, to minimize the risk of attracting <a href=\"https:\/\/landscapeipm.tamu.edu\/what-is-ipm\/ipm-concepts\/pest-identification\/good-bug-bad-bug\/pest-ants\/#:~:text=Few%20ants%20cause%20damage%20to,serious%20problems%20in%20the%20landscape.\">potentially harmful members of the ant family<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-default-font-family\">\u201cI don\u2019t believe in one solution that could fit everything, but I definitely think that ants and other biological control agents are going to be a huge part of the [climate] puzzle in the future,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><em>This article originally appeared in <a href=\"https:\/\/grist.org\/\">Grist<\/a> at <a href=\"https:\/\/grist.org\/food-and-agriculture\/a-secret-weapon-in-agricultures-climate-fight-ants\/\">https:\/\/grist.org\/food-and-agriculture\/a-secret-weapon-in-agricultures-climate-fight-ants\/<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Grist is a nonprofit, independent media organization dedicated to telling stories of climate solutions and a just future. Learn more at <a href=\"https:\/\/grist.org\/\">Grist.org<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This &lt;a target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; href=&#8221;https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2025\/01\/a-secret-weapon-in-agricultures-climate-fight-ants\/&#8221;&gt;article&lt;\/a&gt; first appeared on &lt;a target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; href=&#8221;https:\/\/modernfarmer.com&#8221;&gt;Modern Farmer&lt;\/a&gt; and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.&lt;img src=&#8221;https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cropped-favicon-1-150&#215;150.png&#8221; style=&#8221;width:1em;height:1em;margin-left:10px;&#8221;&gt;&lt;img id=&#8221;republication-tracker-tool-source&#8221; src=&#8221;https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/?republication-pixel=true&amp;post=166794&#8243; style=&#8221;width:1px;height:1px;&#8221;&gt;<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Want to republish a Modern Farmer story? We are happy for Modern Farmer stories to be shared, and encourage you to republish our articles for your audience. When doing so, we ask that you follow these guidelines: Please credit us and our writers For the author byline, please use \u201cAuthor Name, Modern Farmer.\u201d At the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":44423,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12026],"tags":[14874,1683,27330,12647,17144,1180,2209,13693,9951],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-44422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","tag-agricultures","tag-animals","tag-ants","tag-climate","tag-ecosystem","tag-fight","tag-secret","tag-sustainability","tag-weapon"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Secret Weapon in Agriculture\u2019s Climate Fight: Ants - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=44422\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Secret Weapon in Agriculture\u2019s Climate Fight: Ants - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Want to republish a Modern Farmer story? 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