{"id":339693,"date":"2025-12-11T20:50:06","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T20:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/aerospace\/a-deadly-pathogen-decimated-sunflower-sea-stars-look-inside-the-lab-working-to-bring-them-back-by-freezing-and-thawing-their-larvae\/"},"modified":"2025-12-11T20:50:06","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T20:50:06","slug":"a-deadly-pathogen-decimated-sunflower-sea-stars-look-inside-the-lab-working-to-bring-them-back-by-freezing-and-thawing-their-larvae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=339693","title":{"rendered":"A Deadly Pathogen Decimated Sunflower Sea Stars. Look Inside the Lab Working to Bring Them Back by Freezing and Thawing Their Larvae"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-article-body=\"\">\n<header class=\"article-header\">\n<h2 class=\"tagline article-tagline\" itemprop=\"description\">For the first time, scientists have cryopreserved and revived the larvae of a sea star species. The breakthrough, made with the giant pink star, gives hope the technique could be repeated to save the imperiled predator<\/h2>\n<div class=\"article-line\">\n<section class=\"author-box by-line\">\n<div class=\"author-text\">\n<p class=\"author\" itemprop=\"author\">\n<p>          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/author\/avery-schuyler-nunn\/\">Avery Schuyler Nunn<\/a><\/p>\n<p>      <time class=\"pub-date\" itemprop=\"datePublished\" data-pubdate=\"Dec. 11, 2025, 1:36 p.m.\">December 11, 2025 1:36 p.m.<\/time><\/p><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<figure class=\"article-image lead-article-image\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/X1mtUheh-tr3fldRwQ8QvwkAuKE=\/1000x750\/filters:no_upscale():focal(1024x673:1025x674)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/e5\/5b\/e55b6637-dbae-4e57-812c-fae2a263346d\/dsc_3295.jpg\" alt=\"a small sea star in a tub in a lab\" itemprop=\"image\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>                Juvenile sunflower sea stars at the Sunflower Star Laboratory in Moss Landing, California. At this phase, each is less than an inch wide, but they can grow to be more than three feet across as adults.<br \/>\n              <span class=\"credit\">Avery Schuyler Nunn<\/span><br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"insight\">\n<div>\n<h4>Key takeaways: Recovering sunflower sea stars by freezing them in time<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Ravaged by infectious bacteria, sunflower sea stars literally wasted away across the Pacific coast of North America\u2014and their resulting population crash destabilized kelp forest ecosystems.<\/li>\n<li>Scientists pioneered a cryopreservation technique on the closely related giant pink star, raising hopes that a bank of frozen sunflower star larvae could one day be thawed in the same way and released into the wild.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Along a working California harbor, where gulls wheel over weathered pilings and the old <em>Western Flyer<\/em>\u2014the ship John Steinbeck once sailed to the Sea of Cortez\u2014sits restored in its berth, researchers buzz about in a modest lab tucked between warehouses and boatyards. Inside, amid the hiss of pumps and the faint smell of brine from seawater tables, a scientist lifts a small vial from a plume of liquid nitrogen, its frosted casing holding the tiniest flicker of hope for a species on the brink.<\/p>\n<p>Each of the 18 vials contains between 500 and 700 larval <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inaturalist.org\/taxa\/49539-Pisaster-brevispinus\">giant pink sea stars<\/a>. At this stage, they are tiny specks suspended in seawater, invisible to the naked eye. These particular larvae have been cryopreserved and stored at roughly minus 180 degrees Celsius since March.<\/p>\n<p>At the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sunflowerstarlab.org\/\">Sunflower Star Laboratory<\/a> (SSL) in Moss Landing, California, scientists thawed the larval pink sea stars and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquariumofpacific.org\/press\/info\/groundbreaking_settlement_of_frozen_giant_pink_star_larvae_inspires_hope_for_critically_endangered_sunflower_star_conservation\/newsroom\">coaxed them to successfully develop into juveniles<\/a> this summer\u2014a first for any sea star species. In October, the scientists thawed another batch of larvae from the same cohort to test larval growth and survival under different freezing conditions and thawing protocols.<\/p>\n<p>The breakthrough, however, isn\u2019t really about the giant pink star, a species that\u2019s common in the wild. Instead, these larvae serve as a crucial stand-in for the far more imperiled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.montereybayaquarium.org\/animals\/animals-a-to-z\/sunflower-star\">sunflower sea star<\/a> (<em>Pycnopodia<\/em> <em>helianthoides<\/em>)\u2014a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/178290276\/197818455\">vanishing<\/a> species for which larvae are precious, limited and increasingly difficult to obtain. Perfecting cryopreservation methods on pink stars\u2014ensuring they can survive freezing, resume feeding and grow into juveniles\u2014lays the scientific groundwork for facilitating a return of <em>Pycnopodia<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-image \">\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/dwpnR1bcbZnXn1kBWg3WsIVN5so=\/fit-in\/1072x0\/filters:focal(1024x663:1025x664)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/85\/a3\/85a3ed5e-4e8c-405e-b9e5-870623c20c5e\/dsc_3314.jpg\" alt=\"a droplet of water seen under a microscope\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>      The contents of a thawed vial are placed under a microscope to assess viability of the larvae.<\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"credit\">Avery Schuyler Nunn<\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The discovery arrives at a precarious time, as sunflower stars have disappeared at a pace rarely seen in marine ecosystems. As a mysterious pathogen ravaged their population along the western shores of North America beginning in 2013, the creatures collapsed from an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.org\/content\/dam\/tnc\/nature\/en\/documents\/tnc_Roadmap_to_Recovery_for_the_Sunflower_Sea_Star_Nov2022.pdf\">estimated six billion individuals<\/a> to functional extinction in parts of their range\u2014all within just a few years. Their loss left kelp forests with dramatically fewer predators, destabilizing ecosystems across the Pacific coast and allowing urchins to proliferate and graze formerly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/science-nature\/underwaer-forests-return-life-coast-california-might-be-good-news-entire-planet-180987639\/\">lush underwater canopies<\/a> into barren rock. Now, scientists hope that \u201cfreezing\u201d their larvae will offer a new avenue for bringing the species back.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCryopreservation is particularly important on the population level when thinking about recovery for this endangered species, because it had major population losses,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/marinescience.ucdavis.edu\/people\/marissa-baskett\">Marissa Baskett<\/a>, an environmental scientist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the project. The process lets scientists preserve the sea stars\u2019 existing genetic diversity for future reintroduction to the wild, she adds. \u201cEspecially given the uncertainty about different disease outbreaks, having that stock to return to is incredibly valuable.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>A mysterious and \u201ccomplete collapse\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>Sunflower sea stars <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fisheries.noaa.gov\/species\/sunflower-sea-star\">have long lived in abundance up and down the rugged Pacific coast<\/a>\u2014from Alaskan archipelagoes to Baja California. The 24-limbed <a href=\"https:\/\/naturalhistory.si.edu\/research\/paleobiology\/collections-overview\/springer-echinoderm-collection\">echinoderms<\/a> sprawled across the seafloor in shades of ochre, crimson and violet. Among the fastest-moving and largest of all sea stars\u2014capable of stretching nearly three feet across\u2014these radiant predators coursed through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/science-nature\/what-free-diving-in-a-kelp-forest-taught-me-about-an-overlooked-but-incredibly-valuable-ecosystem-180986449\/\">kelp forests<\/a>, voraciously hunting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.montereybayaquarium.org\/animals\/animals-a-to-z\/purple-sea-urchin\">purple sea urchins<\/a> and preventing them from over-grazing on the holdfasts that root towering golden canopies of kelp.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-image \">\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/vixxuIRjZktA48HnlCa_sxehZoE=\/fit-in\/1072x0\/filters:focal(1061x707:1062x708)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/53\/2c\/532c4773-a59e-4481-854d-779579afaf40\/gettyimages-1185055887.jpg\" alt=\"a large reddish sunflower sea star underwater with some purple sea urchins behind it\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>      An adult sunflower sea star has 24 limbs and can be more than three feet wide. This one was photographed off Point Dume State Beach near Los Angeles.<\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"credit\">Brent Durand via Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cIn Northern California and Oregon, there historically would have been multiple keystone predators within the kelp forest ecosystem who are punching on purple urchins and keeping their population in check,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.westernflyer.org\/people\/reuven-bank\/\">Reuven Bank<\/a>, board chair of SSL. \u201cBut the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fws.gov\/story\/2022-07\/second-chances-southern-sea-otters-return-ecological-relevance\">southern sea otter<\/a> was extirpated across its historic range, so we were left with sunflower stars being the last major keystone predator of purple urchins across over 100 miles of coastline.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnd sunflower stars didn\u2019t just eat urchins, they scared them,\u201d Bank adds. \u201cUrchins can smell a sunflower star approaching, and in healthy kelp forests they hide more and graze less. Even without consuming them, sunflower stars helped keep urchin behavior, and therefore kelp forests, in balance.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Then, in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/cmhrp\/news\/virus-calculated-culprit-killing-sea-stars\">June 2013<\/a>, tidepool monitors along Washington\u2019s Olympic Peninsula documented an unprecedented sight. The once-sturdy sea stars had turned soft, pale and contorted, their arms curling and detaching from their bodies. By late summer, the same mysterious affliction had surfaced in British Columbia, and it began sweeping both north and south with startling speed. The emerging epidemic, which caused the invertebrates to literally disintegrate, would soon be known as <a href=\"https:\/\/marine.ucsc.edu\/research\/sea-star-wasting\/\">sea star wasting disease<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>An infamous marine heatwave\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/articles\/theblob.htm\">nicknamed \u201cThe Blob\u201d<\/a>\u2014had settled over the Pacific by 2014, thrusting the coast into a fever. Ocean temperatures spiked, likely <a href=\"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/371\/1689\/20150212\/30247\/Ochre-star-mortality-during-the-2014-wasting\">speeding up the disease progression<\/a> in already stressed sea stars and leading to <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30729157\/\">higher mortality<\/a>. In the warm, stagnant water, infected sunflower stars dissolved at an eerily rapid pace, leaving behind ghost-white films of bacterial mass where the vibrant predators had been just days before.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou\u2019d have apparently healthy stars basically melt away into puddles of goo within 48 hours,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeoflife.org\/news\/featured-scientist\/2025\/09\/29\/andrew-kim\">Andrew Kim<\/a>, lab manager at SSL. \u201cIt happened so quickly, and I don\u2019t think folks were prepared for the ensuing ecosystem shift. You don\u2019t often expect diseases to come through and totally reshape ecosystem dynamics within such a short period. But that\u2019s what we saw.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Without sunflower sea stars to keep those spiny purple urchins in check, the balance began to falter, setting the stage for an unprecedented chain reaction. Urchin populations skyrocketed, grazing on kelp without limits, and once-thriving underwater forests collapsed into barren rock.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-image \">\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/AoaTPfHhN2RjmMV_QiZzaZL3Q1o=\/fit-in\/1072x0\/filters:focal(1061x707:1062x708)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/86\/c7\/86c7b195-11e3-4b3e-a4d9-ad689f859b3a\/gettyimages-1271859362.jpg\" alt=\"a cluster of purple sea urchins\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>      A dense group of purple sea urchins, which exploded in population after the sunflower sea stars disappeared, photographed near Mendocino Headlands State Park, north of San Francisco.<\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"credit\">Brent Durand via Getty Images<\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.org\/content\/dam\/tnc\/nature\/en\/documents\/tnc_Roadmap_to_Recovery_for_the_Sunflower_Sea_Star_Nov2022.pdf\">In California, with 99 percent loss<\/a>, sunflower sea stars are now considered functionally extinct. \u201cEven though there may be a few remnant individuals left, they can no longer fulfill their historic role in the ecosystem,\u201d Bank says.<\/p>\n<p>As sunflower stars unraveled in the wild, another species\u2014its thick-armed cousin, the giant pink star\u2014offered an unexpected foothold for hope. The pink stars share a nearly identical geographic range and life history with sunflower stars, and crucially, their larvae can be raised in aquaria. If scientists could learn to freeze and revive the pink star in its early life stages, they wondered, could that knowledge become a lifeline for the sunflower star?<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s where the small team in Moss Landing stepped in.<\/p>\n<h2>Freezing sea stars for the future<\/h2>\n<p>What these scientists did was something no one had ever pulled off with a sea star. Working with giant pink stars, researchers spawned adults at the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, California, fertilized their gametes to produce thousands of larvae, and shipped those microscopic bodies to the <a href=\"https:\/\/sandiegozoowildlifealliance.org\/frozen-zoo\">Frozen Zoo<\/a>\u2014a cryopreserved archive of creatures operated by the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance. There, reproductive scientists plunged the larvae into liquid nitrogen, cooling them to extremely low temperatures and pausing their cells\u2019 biological activity. The larvae, essentially frozen in time, were shielded from ice crystal damage with special cryoprotectant mixtures.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-image left\">\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/o46rM18WSndJPsl7ZbzZxHjLMhc=\/fit-in\/1072x0\/filters:focal(683x1027:684x1028)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/b2\/eb\/b2ebece4-0cb7-4bea-a34f-622aebf7dc4e\/dsc_3291.jpg\" alt=\"gloved hands using tongs hold a small vial extracted from liquid nitrogen\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>      Sunflower Star Laboratory researchers remove a vial of pink star larvae from an insulated cooler at around minus 180 degrees Celsius in preparation for thawing.<\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"credit\">Avery Schuyler Nunn<\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>After months in this suspended state, the larvae were sent to the Sunflower Star Laboratory where <a href=\"https:\/\/science.sandiegozoo.org\/carly-young\">Carly Young<\/a>, a San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance scientist who advances cryopreservation and reproductive-rescue tools, led the team in thawing the vials. She had fine-tuned the ideal way to keep the larvae alive as they returned to real-world temperatures, carefully testing more than 100 \u201crecipes\u201d with various warming rates, cryoprotectant dilutions and rehydration steps.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aquariumofpacific.org\/press\/info\/groundbreaking_settlement_of_frozen_giant_pink_star_larvae_inspires_hope_for_critically_endangered_sunflower_star_conservation\/newsroom\">pink star larvae not only survived thawing<\/a>, but have thus far lived all the way through metamorphosis into juveniles. Scientists watched the little stars settle spontaneously along the bottom of their beakers just 19 days after revival.<\/p>\n<p>The success prompted the team to apply the same cryopreservation protocols to sunflower star larvae from the Alaska SeaLife Center. The larvae will be frozen in perpetuity, creating the first-ever cryopreserved archive of the species\u2014like a seed bank, but for the baby sea stars.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA famous quote from the \u201970s, when the Frozen Zoo in San Diego was established, was, \u2018You must collect things for reasons you don\u2019t yet understand,\u2019\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sunflowerstarlab.org\/people#:~:text=hatchery%20to%20harvest.-,Ashley%20Kidd,-CONSERVATION%20PROJECT%20MANAGER\">Ashley Kidd<\/a>, conservation project manager at SSL. \u201cWe don\u2019t know when the other shoe is going to drop and what populations are going to look like as the planet changes. So, rather than chasing ghosts around the ocean floor, we really focused on what we can do with animals that are currently under human care somewhere.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>While <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smithsonian-institution\/scientists-cryopreserve-and-revive-coral-fragments-in-a-world-first-for-conservation-180982792\/\">cryopreservation<\/a> itself isn\u2019t a ready-made restoration tool, it opens the door to conserving genetic diversity of a species and banking rare lineages for potential reintroduction to the wild. In the 1970s and 1990s, researchers began <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26297945\/\">testing cryopreservation of marine invertebrates<\/a> with sperm and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/marine-science\/articles\/10.3389\/fmars.2023.1172102\/full\">larvae<\/a>, establishing the basic protocols that this team could apply to sea stars.<\/p>\n<p>The breakthrough doesn\u2019t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/science-nature\/sea-otters-may-small-marine-mammals-but-their-effect-on-ecosystem-huge-180987457\/\">restore kelp forests<\/a> by itself, but the SSL scientists note that cryopreservation creates something the conservation community has desperately needed: time. Time to hold onto genetic diversity, time to refine captive rearing and time to prepare for future reintroduction at scales big enough to matter. The ultimate test, the researchers say, will be translating the thawing process to sunflower sea stars.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article-image \">\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com\/vKeVRIiOnfZF1UDSM6V582hzyZI=\/fit-in\/1072x0\/filters:focal(3813x2433:3814x2434)\/https:\/\/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com\/filer_public\/e1\/65\/e1657e84-8a48-43b7-9700-ceb2cb3e6210\/dsc_3321.jpg\" alt=\"a woman sits at a table looking through a microscope\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption class=\"caption\">\n<p>      Carly Young, at the Sunflower Star Laboratory, looks for movement in the young sea stars.<\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"credit\">Avery Schuyler Nunn<\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Just this summer, scientists uncovered a piece of the puzzle that had eluded them for more than a decade: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/researchers-discover-the-culprit-behind-a-gruesome-disease-that-makes-sea-stars-lose-their-limbs-and-melt-180987110\/\">the pathogen behind sea star wasting disease<\/a>. In a four-year international effort, researchers traced the outbreak to a strain of the marine bacterium <em>Vibrio pectenicida<\/em>. When cultured and injected into healthy sea stars, it reproduced the telltale symptoms\u2014softening arms, rapid disintegration and death within days. The finding, published in <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40760083\/\"><em>Nature Ecology and Evolution<\/em><\/a> in August, gives recovery teams a way to test for the pathogen in labs and hatcheries, tighten quarantine measures and understand disease risks before returning captive-bred sea stars to the Pacific.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s massively important to know what to look for, and the fact that we are now able to test for this disease is going to be critical in advancing our ability to move forward with reintroductions and continuing the research,\u201d notes Kim. \u201cWe\u2019ve already been able to take fluid samples from all of our stars and get them analyzed for the presence of <em>Vibrio<\/em> <em>pectenicida<\/em>, so we\u2019ve mobilized very quickly on the heels of development.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Paired with this new diagnostic clarity, advances in cryopreservation offer a second front in the effort to save the species.<strong> <\/strong>Frozen larvae can be stored for decades and offer flexibility for selective breeding of disease-tolerant traits, notes the team. Cryopreservation adds another tool to the scientists\u2019 toolbox as they fight to prevent the species\u2014and, in turn, its ecosystem\u2014from wasting away.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBringing back sunflower stars,\u201d Bank says, \u201cis the single-most important step we can take toward restoring kelp forest balance.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"in-article-newsletter science\">\n<div class=\"leade\">\n<h3>Get the latest <strong>Science<\/strong> stories in your inbox.<\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<section class=\"tag-list\">\n<nav class=\"nav-tags\">\n<\/nav>\n<\/section><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the first time, scientists have cryopreserved and revived the larvae of a sea star species. The breakthrough, made with the giant pink star, gives hope the technique could be repeated to save the imperiled predator Avery Schuyler Nunn December 11, 2025 1:36 p.m. Juvenile sunflower sea stars at the Sunflower Star Laboratory in Moss [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":339694,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12024],"tags":[6663,6813,163932,12874,8840,92612,99733,5110,4042,9023,48735,1600],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-339693","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aerospace","tag-bring","tag-deadly","tag-decimated","tag-freezing","tag-lab","tag-larvae","tag-pathogen","tag-sea","tag-stars","tag-sunflower","tag-thawing","tag-working"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Deadly Pathogen Decimated Sunflower Sea Stars. Look Inside the Lab Working to Bring Them Back by Freezing and Thawing Their Larvae - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=339693\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Deadly Pathogen Decimated Sunflower Sea Stars. Look Inside the Lab Working to Bring Them Back by Freezing and Thawing Their Larvae - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For the first time, scientists have cryopreserved and revived the larvae of a sea star species. The breakthrough, made with the giant pink star, gives hope the technique could be repeated to save the imperiled predator Avery Schuyler Nunn December 11, 2025 1:36 p.m. Juvenile sunflower sea stars at the Sunflower Star Laboratory in Moss [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=339693\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-11T20:50:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/dsc_3295.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=339693#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=339693\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\"},\"headline\":\"A Deadly Pathogen Decimated Sunflower Sea Stars. 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