{"id":33852,"date":"2025-01-18T00:19:54","date_gmt":"2025-01-18T00:19:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/american-history\/filling-in-the-gaps-elisabeth-freeman\/"},"modified":"2025-01-18T00:19:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T00:19:54","slug":"filling-in-the-gaps-elisabeth-freeman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852","title":{"rendered":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/p>\n

\n

Book Review: \u201cRosalie Gardiner Jones and the Long March for Women\u2019s Rights\u201d (McFarland)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>By Zachary Michael Jack <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
\"\"
Nearing Washington the hikers struggled with poor road conditions.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Even with my\u00a0hundreds of clippings of the \u201cPilgrim\u2019s March\u201d in March of 1913, there are always gaps in our understanding. In the Elisabeth Freeman collection there are precious few personal references that would help us understand how she felt about the events she was caught up in. So, Jack\u2019s book, which draws upon the papers of Rosalie Jones, as well as newspaper archives, fills in many gaps. His well researched and documented book has no fewer than 38 entries in the index about Elisabeth, a veritable feast for this amateur historian.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jack acknowledges that Rosalie regarded Freeman as a mentor, especially in their Ohio campaign where Elisabeth would chat up the farmers in the countryside, pull into a small town, schedule a gathering for the evening, fit in a street speaking engagement, and of course, touch base with the local newspaper. Jones in that period seemed wide-eyed and shy about public speaking, but by the time of the Pilgrim\u2019s March, her leadership talents emerged.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I have always wondered about choosing the precedent of a \u201cPilgrim\u2019s\u201d March, invoking the Crusades perhaps, but Elisabeth\u2019s choice of playing the part of a gypsy is puzzling. In the promotion of the trek they claimed that gypsies always accompanied such marches. Was this something that people at the time could reference or were they trying to capture the religious zeal for the cause? According to Jack\u2019s book, there may have been some calculus in the gypsy get up. The situation in England with the militant suffragettes was heating up and placing bombs in Lloyd George\u2019s residence was much in the news. To have Freeman as part of the Pilgrims with her endorsement of those militant strategies might have been controversial. But to have a gypsy tagging along the Pilgrims was seen as sufficient distance from the violence in England.\u00a0 (Previously, I thought that Elisabeth refused to wear the plain brown wool cloaks designed for the hikers and came up with a story that would allow for something more colorful. And, the book mentions that her skirt was red and yellow checks, which is somehow pleasing to know.) p. 37-38<\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"
The original hikers in promo picture in NYC. Rosalie Jones far left and Ida Craft to her left, and Elisabeth Freeman second from right in scarf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

One excellent feature of this book is the detailing of the harshness of female stereotypes and how the band of marchers had to constantly defend their femininity. They had to prove they could darn their socks for instance, and wear fancy dresses and shoes at dances given in their honor after a day\u2019s slog through the mud. Young and pretty marchers were besieged by suitors and what we might call stalkers and rowdy college boys let loose mice to scare the ladies. Elisabeth, being older, missed most of this attention, but brought down scathing criticism when she lit up a cigarette. Much was made of who on the march was a \u201cMiss\u201d and who was a \u201cMrs.\u201d suggesting that they were not feminine enough for marriage. Elisabeth objected strenuously to the sexist distinction, \u201cI am not Miss Freeman. I am plain Elisabeth Freeman. If I get married I shall be Elisabeth Freeman to the end of the chapter. Why should I have to announce my name by answering such a strictly private matter as to whether I am married or not?\u201d (p. 150) <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"When the hikers reached Wilmington, Delaware, they had a rare day off and Freeman couldn\u2019t wait to make a day of suffrage campaigning. \u201c(She) woke early, making calls to organize the educational campaigns for a day which would include visits to Wilmington factories and businesses.\u201d Jack writes, \u201cFor the first time in the march to date, Freeman had more than one day in which to canvas a city and as she readied herself for a day of soapbox speeches and corner meetings she found herself emphatically in her element.\u201d (p.109)<\/span><\/p>\n

The other detail that is fleshed out thoroughly is the road conditions along the march. Apparently, roads in Maryland were literally mud and state officials were embarrassed into bringing loads of cinders for the roads. One account of marchers being up to their ankles in mud and cars and Elisabeth\u2019s literature wagon being bogged down to the axles bring home just how arduous this march was.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There were some behind the scenes conflicts revealed, not just with \u201cnational\u201d and Alice Paul who stole Jones\u2019 thunder, but also within the group. Amid press speculation that Rosalie was near a breakdown it seems that Colonel Ida Craft stepped in, sometimes questioning Jones\u2019 decisions. Nearing Washington Craft split off from the main group to honor a speaking engagement. There was also dissent about whether militancy was a good strategy which a Quaker member of the band objected to. It turns out Elisabeth served as peacemaker between Jones and Craft, which I found surprising because although she could be diplomatic, she was more likely to be controversial. Still, Elisabeth had spent time with both Jones and Craft and respected their work so perhaps it pained her to have friends fight.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Freeman and Jones took different paths after the march, with Jones staying with NAWSA, the more conservative state by state organization, and Freeman \u201ceagerly\u201d joining Alice Paul\u2019s Woman\u2019s Party which picketed the White House and went to jail for the Cause. There is no indication of rancor, but they led different lives\u2014the millionaire\u2019s daughter and the working woman activist. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zachary Jack has taken a slice of history and done a deep dive, one which highlights the larger movement and fills in lots of gaps. Good work!!<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Book Review: \u201cRosalie Gardiner Jones and the Long March for Women\u2019s Rights\u201d (McFarland)\u00a0By Zachary Michael Jack \u00a0 Nearing Washington the hikers struggled with poor road conditions. \u00a0 Even with my\u00a0hundreds of clippings of the \u201cPilgrim\u2019s March\u201d in March of 1913, there are always gaps in our understanding. In the Elisabeth Freeman collection there are precious […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33853,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12032],"tags":[14140,22514,14141,14027],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-33852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-american-history","tag-elisabeth","tag-filling","tag-freeman","tag-gaps"],"yoast_head":"\nFilling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Book Review: \u201cRosalie Gardiner Jones and the Long March for Women\u2019s Rights\u201d (McFarland)\u00a0By Zachary Michael Jack \u00a0 Nearing Washington the hikers struggled with poor road conditions. \u00a0 Even with my\u00a0hundreds of clippings of the \u201cPilgrim\u2019s March\u201d in March of 1913, there are always gaps in our understanding. In the Elisabeth Freeman collection there are precious […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"225\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\"},\"headline\":\"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\"},\"wordCount\":982,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Elisabeth\",\"Filling\",\"Freeman\",\"gaps\"],\"articleSection\":[\"American History\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\",\"name\":\"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg\",\"width\":300,\"height\":225},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"description\":\"Daily Deals\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Som2ny Network\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":86,\"caption\":\"Som2ny Network\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network","og_description":"Book Review: \u201cRosalie Gardiner Jones and the Long March for Women\u2019s Rights\u201d (McFarland)\u00a0By Zachary Michael Jack \u00a0 Nearing Washington the hikers struggled with poor road conditions. \u00a0 Even with my\u00a0hundreds of clippings of the \u201cPilgrim\u2019s March\u201d in March of 1913, there are always gaps in our understanding. In the Elisabeth Freeman collection there are precious […]","og_url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852","og_site_name":"Som2ny Network","article_published_time":"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":225,"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371"},"headline":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman","datePublished":"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852"},"wordCount":982,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg","keywords":["Elisabeth","Filling","Freeman","gaps"],"articleSection":["American History"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852","name":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman - Som2ny Network","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-18T00:19:54+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/arrival-in-DC-muddy-road-300x225.jpg","width":300,"height":225},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=33852#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?bp_activities=1"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Filling In the Gaps \u2013 Elisabeth Freeman"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","name":"Som2ny Network","description":"Daily Deals","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization","name":"Som2ny Network","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/4a0953c4-logo-300x86-1.png","width":300,"height":86,"caption":"Som2ny Network"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/729ae85bf62b9917e93538db2f2688ca?s=96&r=g&default=https%3A%2F%2Ffivemor.com%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fbuddypress-first-letter-avatar%2Fimages%2Fdefault%2F96%2Flatin_a.png","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/fivemor.com"],"url":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33852\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/33853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33852"},{"taxonomy":"dealstore","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fdealstore&post=33852"},{"taxonomy":"offerexpiration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fofferexpiration&post=33852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}