{"id":329217,"date":"2025-12-03T13:38:45","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T13:38:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/activist\/lessons-from-the-montgomery-bus-boycott-seventy-years-on\/"},"modified":"2025-12-03T13:38:45","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T13:38:45","slug":"lessons-from-the-montgomery-bus-boycott-seventy-years-on","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217","title":{"rendered":"Lessons from the Montgomery Bus Boycott Seventy Years On"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/progressive.org\/downloads\/22344\/download\/RosaParksMontgomery.jpg?cb=42b27d61877ef1a6f84568dfa53349f4\" \/><\/p>\n<div>\n<p class=\"lead\">Popular culture mainstays like television commercials or your favorite advertising jingles never made it around to rendering the label of \u201cpatriot\u201d to African Americans. The same is true for grade-school textbooks, small-town Independence Day celebrations, and propaganda seeking America\u2019s \u201cbest and brightest.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>When I was growing up, the terms \u201cpatriot\u201d and \u201cpatriotic\u201d were hardly, if ever, used to name or describe Black people. My children and my students likely share this experience.<\/p>\n<p>As a student and teacher of history, I\u2019m saddened by this because Black people are indeed patriots. Acclaimed artist\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hauserwirth.com\/artists\/11577-amy-sherald\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Amy Sherald)\">Amy Sherald<\/a>\u00a0believes this, too. In an interview with Anderson Cooper on CBS News\u2019\u00a0<em>60 Minutes<\/em>, she\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/portrait-artist-amy-sherald-60-minutes\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (explained)\">explained<\/a>\u00a0why: \u201cI don\u2019t think there\u2019s anybody more patriotic than a Black person,\u201d she said. \u201cWe\u2019ve been here since the inception of this idea of what \u2018American\u2019 is. We are deeply ingrained in the fabric of this country. This country would not be if it was not for us . . . . I\u2019m the definition of an American.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Today, the idea of what it means to be an American is being tested by an administration that seems not to care about who Americans are; an administration hell-bent on depriving Americans of the funding to access needed resources and services, while simultaneously terrorizing both Americans and the foreign-born alike by way of state violence. This has caused many to ask, \u201cIs this who we are? Is this what America is?\u201d If you were to ask African Americans this question, the answer would likely be, \u201cYes, it is.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there might be a difference of opinion from Black conservatives or even some Black liberals, and certainly from some members of the Black bourgeoisie. But if you were to ask the masses of Black people, they\u2019d tell you \u201cyes\u201d and provide you with the evidence: enslavement, segregation, mass incarceration, lynching, redlining, the FBI\u2019s Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO), and more.<\/p>\n<p>But at a time when folks are strategizing ways to combat a fascist regime that controls all three branches of government, there is a lot that human rights activists and advocates can learn from the African American experience. Because, as Sherald noted, there isn\u2019t anyone more patriotic than Black people, and Black patriotism was born of the necessity of Black resistance; and Black resistance is what pushes the United States to become closer to being true to what it says on paper, to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanrhetoric.com\/speeches\/mlkivebeentothemountaintop.htm\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (paraphrase)\">paraphrase<\/a>\u00a0the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. An example of Black resistance history that activists and advocates can learn from is the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.beacon.org\/Stride-Toward-Freedom-P803.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Montgomery bus boycott)\">Montgomery bus boycott<\/a>, which began seventy years ago on December 1, 1955.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>The Montgomery bus boycott was an organized strike against the public transportation system, specifically the buses, in Montgomery, Alabama. The aim was to end bus segregation in the city. It is important to note that while the boycott commenced with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/progressive.org\/magazine\/book-review-rosa-parks-lifetime-of-struggle-gilmore\/\">Rosa Parks<\/a>\u2019s arrest for resisting a bus driver\u2019s order to give up her seat for a white man, she was not the first person to break this unjust law. It was part of a coordinated effort that saw\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.learningforjustice.org\/magazine\/browder-v-gayle-the-women-before-rosa-parks#:~:text=But%20the%20incident%20described%20above,civil%20action%20around%20Colvin's%20case.\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (four other Black women)\">four other Black women<\/a>\u00a0be arrested before Parks, including a fifteen-year-old named Claudette Colvin, who was manhandled by police and taken to jail rather than juvenile detention.<\/p>\n<p>Asked why the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kinginstitute.stanford.edu\/montgomery-improvement-association-mia\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Montgomery Improvement Association)\">Montgomery Improvement Association<\/a>\u00a0(MIA) had rallied around Parks instead of her, Colvin later\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.msnbc.com\/the-reidout\/reidout-blog\/claudette-colvin-montgomery-bus-boycott-rcna137776\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (said)\">said<\/a>, \u201cI knew what the strategy was. They wanted her up front because they knew I was a minor, and people were not going to listen to a teenager.\u201d She added, \u201cThey wanted Mrs. Parks because people still believed that fairer-skinned people get more acceptance than darker-complexioned people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, the importance of Colvin\u2019s arrest in March 1955 wasn\u2019t lost on the Black people of Montgomery. That, along with Parks\u2019s arrest, led the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/crossculturalsolidarity.com\/the-montgomery-bus-boycott\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Women\u2019s Political Council)\">Women\u2019s Political Council<\/a>, under the helm of Alabama State College professor Jo Ann Robinson, to print\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150406222234\/http:\/mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu\/primarydocuments\/551202-001.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (50,000 leaflets)\">50,000 leaflets<\/a>\u00a0that were\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/historicalthinkingmatters.org\/rosaparks\/0\/inquiry\/main\/resources\/21\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (dispersed)\">dispersed<\/a>\u00a0throughout the community, calling for a boycott of the buses. Early on December 2, Robinson had consulted with local labor leader E.D. Nixon to expand the idea of a boycott.<\/p>\n<p>The community agreed, and the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. was selected to be the spokesperson for the people. And with that, the boycott commenced.<\/p>\n<p>Today, we often focus on the boycott\u2019s outcome: a win for African Americans in Montgomery and opponents of segregation everywhere. But many untold stories define a victory; stories of small triumphs and tragedies that have significant implications for how a war is won or lost.<\/p>\n<p>To be sure, the Montgomery bus boycott was a war waged on Jim Crow, and it wasn\u2019t easily won. But this war offers lessons to the struggles for freedom of our day\u2014from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wordinblack.com\/2025\/09\/black-led-boycott-target-working\/#:~:text=Dollar%20General's%20Next-,Target%20has%20been%20the%20focus%20of%20a%20nationwide%20boycott%20initially,across%20the%20country%2C%20and%20consumers.\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Black people boycotting Target)\">Black people boycotting Target<\/a>\u00a0to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nokings.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (No Kings)\">No Kings<\/a>\u00a0protesters.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>The first lesson is that the MIA\u2019s boycott was fueled and led by a demand\u2014or rather, three to be exact: courteous treatment of Black people by white bus drivers; first-come, first-served seating for all, with Black people seating from the rear of the bus and white people from the front; and the hiring of Black bus drivers. No protest, boycott, or action against an authority or institution is viable without a demand. If there is no demand, the aggrieved have no evidence of an injustice and no identifiable license to pressure an oppressor to provide a remedy.\u00a0<em>Protest action of any kind must have demands for the adversary.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Also, the resistance\u2014boycotting the buses\u2014wasn\u2019t a one-off event. It was consistent and persistent. In other words, you could guarantee that it would happen, and there was nothing anyone could do to stop it (although groups like the White Citizens Council\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kinginstitute.stanford.edu\/white-citizens-councils-wcc\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (tried)\">tried<\/a>). Engaging in resistance against anti-Black racism, imperialism, and various forms of capitalism cannot be a singular event or gathering. It must be consistent and persistent to keep the people involved at all levels and to keep the pressure on the adversary, whether it\u2019s the Trump Administration or someone else.\u00a0<em>A protest that lacks a commitment to consistent work on resistance (with no long gaps in the timeline) won\u2019t work.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Lastly, the boycott did not come without sacrifices on the part of the participants. In his seminal work,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/books\/Parting-the-Waters\/Taylor-Branch\/9780671687427\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Link opens in new window (Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63)\">Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63<\/a><\/em>, Taylor Branch spoke of the sacrifices made by both the boycott\u2019s leaders and its rank-and-file members. King and his wife, Coretta Scott King, dealt with the former\u2019s multiple arrests, along with threatening phone calls and the bombing of their home. Other MIA leadership dealt with similar things.<\/p>\n<p>Participants in the protest balanced the dangers of police harassment and loss of employment with the inconveniences of managing household responsibilities and securing transportation to work, even if it meant walking in the elements. Unintended sacrifices certainly test one\u2019s resolve, but they also push us to carry our efforts through so that any sacrifices made aren\u2019t for naught.\u00a0<em>Protest action requires some sacrifice as an investment in the work of justice.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>There aren\u2019t enough words to speak of the many lessons offered by the Montgomery bus boycott. Another one deserving of our understanding is the foundation laid and the leadership provided by Black women, who initiated, sustained, and completed the boycott with their strength, courage, and grace. Or the strategy of simultaneously conducting the boycott and a federal lawsuit to end segregation. But with the words written here, activists and advocates alike can take this example and apply it to current protest actions and social movements\u2014not for mere strategizing, but to equip everyday people, whose involvement is critical\u2014to see what protests and social justice movements actually require to yield a victory.<\/p>\n<p>Americans are too delusional about what protests are. Many believe that simply voting or participating in a single march will make society\u2019s oppressors yield to the will of those they look down upon, exploit, and refuse to consider human beings. Resistance takes vision and resolve to be successful.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s long past time that we look to people whose resistance is a way of life to instruct us how to achieve the life we deserve.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Popular culture mainstays like television commercials or your favorite advertising jingles never made it around to rendering the label of \u201cpatriot\u201d to African Americans. The same is true for grade-school textbooks, small-town Independence Day celebrations, and propaganda seeking America\u2019s \u201cbest and brightest.\u201d When I was growing up, the terms \u201cpatriot\u201d and \u201cpatriotic\u201d were hardly, if [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":329218,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12022],"tags":[10863,52883,9494,17960,155542,5200,2083,10846,37418,155543,10629,70481,1003],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-329217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-activist","tag-black-history","tag-boycott","tag-bus","tag-comment","tag-december-2025-january-2026","tag-lessons","tag-magazine","tag-montgomery","tag-racism","tag-rann-miller","tag-resistance","tag-seventy","tag-years"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lessons from the Montgomery Bus Boycott Seventy Years On - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lessons from the Montgomery Bus Boycott Seventy Years On - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Popular culture mainstays like television commercials or your favorite advertising jingles never made it around to rendering the label of \u201cpatriot\u201d to African Americans. The same is true for grade-school textbooks, small-town Independence Day celebrations, and propaganda seeking America\u2019s \u201cbest and brightest.\u201d When I was growing up, the terms \u201cpatriot\u201d and \u201cpatriotic\u201d were hardly, if [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-03T13:38:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RosaParksMontgomery.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"859\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b85e3c3dc0e1daea076524dc8810c371\"},\"headline\":\"Lessons from the Montgomery Bus Boycott Seventy Years On\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-03T13:38:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\"},\"wordCount\":1370,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RosaParksMontgomery.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Black History\",\"Boycott\",\"Bus\",\"Comment\",\"December 2025\/January 2026\",\"Lessons\",\"Magazine\",\"Montgomery\",\"Racism\",\"Rann Miller\",\"Resistance\",\"Seventy\",\"Years\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Activist\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=329217\",\"name\":\"Lessons from the Montgomery Bus Boycott Seventy Years On - 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