{"id":151431,"date":"2025-03-23T10:02:17","date_gmt":"2025-03-23T10:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peraltafinancing.com\/business\/legal\/brooklyn-man-indicted-for-egyptian-artifact-smuggling-did-covid-19-impact-grand-jury-selection\/"},"modified":"2025-03-23T10:02:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-23T10:02:17","slug":"brooklyn-man-indicted-for-egyptian-artifact-smuggling-did-covid-19-impact-grand-jury-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=151431","title":{"rendered":"Brooklyn Man Indicted for Egyptian Artifact Smuggling. Did COVID-19 Impact Grand Jury Selection?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<div><span><span><span><\/p>\n<h2\/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #666666;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: large;\">Man who arrived at JFK Airport and indicted for allegedly possessing illicit Egyptian artifacts had unfair jury panel, defense lawyer suggests.<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-RycOH8gU4Tg\/X4ez77-3jxI\/AAAAAAAACwE\/e6cjf1UZza8mO3q7tQ3BcKm_TrPYmKurACNcBGAsYHQ\/s2048\/Eldarir%2Bindictment.jpg\" style=\"clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ancient Egyptian canopic jar lids seized by Homeland Security\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"1365\" data-original-width=\"2048\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Eldarir2Bindictment.jpg\" width=\"320\"\/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Ancient Egyptian canopic jar lids are some<br \/>of the antiquities seized by Homeland Security.<br \/><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/span><\/span><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Loose sand or dirt came out of the suitcases as they were opened,\u201d and there was the smell of \u201cwet earth,\u201d recited the arrest warrant affidavit filed in <\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><i>U.S. v.\u00a0Eldarir<\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">,\u00a0an antiquities smuggling case pending in a New York federal district court.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><br \/>Now a veteran defense lawyer has challenged the criminal prosecution by suggesting that the\u00a0COVID-19\u00a0outbreak interfered with the selection of a fair grand jury.<\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><br \/>Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) arrested\u00a0<\/span>Ashraf Omar Eldarir of Brooklyn\u00a0<span>in February. The court released him on $60,000 bond and placed the case under seal, which has since been lifted.<\/p>\n<p>A grand jury sitting in the Eastern District of New York (E.D.N.Y.) indicted Eldarir five months later\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/span><span>on\u00a0<\/span><span>two counts of smuggling under\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/18\/545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18 U.S.C. \u00a7\u202f545<\/a><span>, alleging:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<p>On or about April 18,2019, within the Eastern District of New York and elsewhere, the defendant ASHRAF OMAR ELDARIR, also known as \u201cOmar Eldarir,\u201d did knowingly, intentionally and fraudulently import and bring into the United States merchandise contrary to law, to wit: one ancient Egyptian polychrome relief [and] \u2026 approximately 590 Egyptian artifacts and pieces thereof.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">A grand jury indictment simply initiates a criminal case; it is not a finding of guilt. T<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">he defendant is presumed innocent unless the government proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span>In addition to criminal penalties, prosecutors seek criminal forfeiture of\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span>the cultural artifacts\u00a0<\/span><span>pursuant to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/18\/982\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18 U.S.C.\u00a0<\/a><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/18\/982\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7\u00a0<span>982<\/span><\/a><span>, which include ancient Egyptian shabtis, gold artifacts, coins, panels, masks, and canopic jar lids in addition to Greco-Roman rings, stele, and a torso.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><br \/>Attorney Marietou Diouf, who joined the U.S. Attorney\u2019s Office in 2020 and previously served\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">as an E.D.N.Y. law clerk<\/span><span>, leads the prosecution. She is pitted against experienced Assistant Federal Defender Kannan Sundaram, who has raised the specter of irregularities surrounding the grand jury\u2019s selection<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe unusual circumstances of the indictment\u2014the grand jury sat in Central Islip as opposed to Brooklyn, at a time when most members of the public in the Eastern District of New York were still under a stay-at-home order\u2014may have compromised the defendant\u2019s right to a grand jury selected from a fair cross section of the community,\u201d argued Attorney Sundaram in a letter to the court that asked to probe juror records. AUSA Diouf countered that the grand jury \u201cwas empaneled \u2026 many months before the start of the pandemic\u2014and has remained empaneled since then. And \u2026 the Grand Jury was selected from a list of residents drawn from all five counties of the Eastern District of New York.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><span\/><span><a name=\"more\"\/><\/span>Should the case proceed to trial, court papers reveal that the prosecution\u2019s evidence consists of the defendant\u2019s statements to law enforcement, EgpytAir travel records, the defendant\u2019s past customs declarations, information from the defendant\u2019s cell phone, including documentation and photos regarding the polychrome relief that was brought to America in April 2019; artifacts recovered from the defendant\u2019s luggage; \u201cdocuments from Christie\u2019s Auctions &amp; Private Sales relating to historical sales of artifacts by the defendant,\u201d \u201crecords and documents from Arte Primitivo, including statements of the defendant,\u201d and \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>records and documents from Palmyra Heritage Gallery, including statements of the defendant.\u201d<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"float: right;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-W3qcbwbEI70\/X4ez6DkVYHI\/AAAAAAAACwI\/V4kXjNqu43UVP1Iz59F2evq9be0iAhbBQCPcBGAYYCw\/s2048\/indictment%2BCBP%2BHSI%2BUS%2BAttorney.jpg\" style=\"clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"US v. Eldarir antiquities smuggling case\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"1365\" data-original-width=\"2048\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/indictment2BCBP2BHSI2BUS2BAttorney.jpg\" width=\"320\"\/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Archaeological material recovered by<br \/>Homeland Security in the case of <i>U.S. v. Eldarir<\/i>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>A member of HSI\u2019s Cultural Property Arts and Antiquities Group petitioned the court\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/span>earlier this year\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span>for a warrant to arrest Eldarir\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">20-MJ-00200)<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">. According to an affidavit supplied by\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Special Agent Igor Gamza,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span>Eldarir arrived\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">at JFK International Airport from Egypt on January 22, 2020. After deplaning,\u00a0U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers, on HSI\u2019s orders, stopped Eldarir, discovering hundreds of cultural objects in foam and bubble wrap stowed in three checked suitcases. \u201cCBP officers asked Eldarir if he was transporting any artifacts into the United States to which Eldarir replied, \u2018No.&#8217;\u201d<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><br \/>\u201cWhen asked about the various pieces of stone, wood and ceramic pieces,\u201d\u00a0Gamza attested that \u201cEldarir stated that they were items to decorate his two-bedroom apartment,\u201d that they were worth $300, that his family owned the pieces, and\u00a0that he sold \u201ca few artifacts within the last two or three years.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">The affidavit added that \u201cCBP officers recovered several documents from Eldarir\u2019s luggage listing previous sales of artifacts that bear Eldarir\u2019s name, as well as documents that Eldarir claimed were provenances from his grandfather dating back to the 1920s.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Gamza noted that experts examining the seized artifacts found the gold amulets to be rare because they constituted a full set. They also theorized that a relief inscribed with the name of a Ptolemaic king came from a royal building or temple, and they concluded that two stele were like ones found at the Egyptian site of Kom abu Bellou.<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span>Antiquities trafficking indictments are uncommon. Federal prosecutors usually pursue a \u201cseize and send\u201d policy, which aims to seize cultural contraband and then send this evidence of heritage trafficking back to the country of origin\u2014often in conjunction with a press conference\u2014without holding criminals accountable or effectively dismantling trafficking networks. The goal is property repatriation, not personal responsibility.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. Attorney\u2019s Office for the E.D.N.Y., nevertheless, is noted for two well-known cultural property prosecutions. In the case of\u00a0<i style=\"background-color: white;\">United States v. Braude <\/i><span style=\"background-color: white;\">(<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">03-CR-1009), b<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">ook author Joseph Braude pleaded guilty in 2004 to smuggling<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">three Iraqi cylinder seals and making false statements. He served six months house arrest and paid $2300. In<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><i>U.S. v. Khouli et al.<\/i><span style=\"background-color: white;\">\u00a0(11-CR-340), t<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">he court sentenced one defendant to\u00a0<\/span>house arrest<span face=\"Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif\" style=\"background-color: white;\">\u00a0in 2013 on charges of smuggling and making false statements. A\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">second defendant\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">plea bargained to misdemeanor accessory after the fact and received a fine of $1000. That\u00a0<\/span><span><span style=\"background-color: white;\">accelerated a quick conclusion for a third defendant, who accepted a plea offer of deferred prosecution, which resulted in no conviction. A fourth defendant remains at large.<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><br \/><\/span>The Special Agent in Charge<span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/9114045405146674073\/8216641316273353801#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initially advertised\u00a0<\/a><\/span><i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/9114045405146674073\/8216641316273353801#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Khouli et al.<\/a>\u00a0<\/i><span>\u201cas\u00a0a ground breaking case for Homeland Security Investigations [because] [i]t is the first time a cultural property network is dismantled within the United States,\u201d and because it \u201cfocuses on money laundering.\u201d But the case fizzled after a defense lawyer filed a motion to dismiss the charges and after prosecutors\u2019 presented unsuccessful sentencing\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/jail-or-no-jail-sentencing-arguments-filed-in-us-v-khouli\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">arguments<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span><span>In addition to the cultural property case of\u00a0<i>U.S. v.\u00a0Eldarir\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span><span>(<\/span>20-CR-243)<span>, the U.S. Attorney for the\u00a0<\/span><span>E.D.N.Y., pursuant to\u00a0<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/19\/1595a\">19 U.S.C.\u00a0<\/a><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/18\/545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/19\/1595a\">1595(a)(c)(1)(A)<\/a>,\u00a0<span>currently\u00a0<\/span><span>is seeking repatriation of <\/span><span>an ancient Mesopotamian artifact that depicts a portion of the Epic of Gilgamesh. The archaeological object is claimed by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/2017\/07\/cultural-property-forfeiture-hobby.html#more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hobby Lobby<\/a>\u00a0the craft store\u00a0<span>owned by the Green family, which <span>underwrites the Museum of the Bible. Hobby Lobby has asserted an innocent owner defense in the case of\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><i>U.S. v. One Cuneiform Tablet Known As \u201cThe\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span><i>Gilgamesh Dream Tablet\u201d<\/i> (20-CV-2222)<\/span><span><span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span>Meanwhile, there is another federal cultural property prosecution underway in California in the case of\u00a0<\/span><i style=\"background-color: white;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/no-seize-and-send-in-prosecution-involving-mosaic-reportedly-from-syria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. v.\u00a0<\/a><\/i><i style=\"background-color: white;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/no-seize-and-send-in-prosecution-involving-mosaic-reportedly-from-syria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AlCharihi<\/a>. <\/i><span style=\"background-color: white;\">D<\/span>o the prosecutions of Eldarir and AlCharihi suggest that \u201cseize and send\u201d will be replaced by \u201cinvestigate and indict?\u201d Time will tell.<\/p>\n<p>Time also will tell if\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span>COVID-19 gives defense counsel the unusual opportunity to access grand jury records in the\u00a0<i style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Eldarir\u00a0<\/i><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">case.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;\"><span>Photo credit: U.S. Department of Homeland Security.<br \/><\/span><span><br \/>Text and original photos copyrighted 2010-2020 by Cultural Heritage Lawyer Rick St. Hilaire, a blog commenting on matters of cultural property law, art law, art crime, cultural heritage policy, antiquities trafficking, looted, antiquities, stolen relics,smuggled antiquities, illicit antiquities, museum risk management, and archaeology. Any unauthorized reproduction or retransmission without the express written consent of CHL is strictly prohibited. The materials presented on this site are intended for informational purposes only and should not be used as legal advice applicable to the reader\u2019s specific situation. In addition, the provision of this information to the reader in no way constitutes an attorney-client relationship. Blog url:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/culturalheritagelawyer.com\/\">culturalheritagelawyer.blogspot.com<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a92010-2022 Cultural Heritage Lawyer Rick St. Hilaire. Content discussing cultural heritage law, art law, looted antiquities, stolen artifacts, and museum risk management that is general information only, not legal advice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Man who arrived at JFK Airport and indicted for allegedly possessing illicit Egyptian artifacts had unfair jury panel, defense lawyer suggests. Ancient Egyptian canopic jar lids are someof the antiquities seized by Homeland Security. \u201cLoose sand or dirt came out of the suitcases as they were opened,\u201d and there was the smell of \u201cwet earth,\u201d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":151432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[7261,23050,13547,7564,1629,4197,63077,51498,385,1242,63078],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-151431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legal","tag-artifact","tag-brooklyn","tag-covid19","tag-egyptian","tag-grand","tag-impact","tag-indicted","tag-jury","tag-man","tag-selection","tag-smuggling"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Brooklyn Man Indicted for Egyptian Artifact Smuggling. Did COVID-19 Impact Grand Jury Selection? - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fivemor.com\/?p=151431\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brooklyn Man Indicted for Egyptian Artifact Smuggling. Did COVID-19 Impact Grand Jury Selection? - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Man who arrived at JFK Airport and indicted for allegedly possessing illicit Egyptian artifacts had unfair jury panel, defense lawyer suggests. 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